A better understanding of STD prevention among African American adolescent girls that takes into account gender and culture can enhance HIV preventive behaviors, skills, and may also reduce pregnancy and some sexually transmitted diseases, according to a study in the current issue of the Journal of the American Medical Association. This will help to reduce the current figure of 40,000 new HIV infections in the US every year.
Lead author Ralph J. DiClemente, Ph.D., from Emory University's Rollins School of Public Health and Center for AIDS Research, Atlanta, presented the findings from this study at a JAMA media briefing at the International AIDS Conference in Bangkok, Thailand.
According to background information in the article, adolescents are a known population at increased risk of HIV infection, especially African American girls. A recent study reported that "HIV prevalence among African American adolescent girls was significantly higher than among their white or Hispanic female peers and exceeds that of white, Hispanic, and African American male adolescents." African American girls in the South had the highest prevalence compared to girls from other regions of the U.S.
In this study, Dr. DiClemente and colleagues analyzed data from 522 sexually experienced African American girls aged 14 to 18 years who were screened from December 1996 through April 1999. The participants were randomized into two groups. The intervention group (n=251) received information on ethnic and gender pride, HIV knowledge, communication, condom use skills, and healthy relationships. The comparison group (n=271) received information on exercise and nutrition. All participants received four 4-hour group sessions. Data were collected at the start of the programs, and at 6- and 12-month follow-up.