U.S. schools have made considerable improvements in their policies and programs to promote the health and safety of students, particularly in the areas of nutrition, physical activity and tobacco use, says a study by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).
However, more needs to be done to strengthen school health and wellness policies and programs, according to CDC.
The School Health Policies and Programs Study (SHPPS) 2006, conducted by CDC and published in the October 2007 issue of the Journal of School Health, is the largest and most comprehensive study of health policies and programs in the nation's schools. Previous SHPPS were conducted in 1994 and 2000.
"Since the release of the previous SHPPS in 2000, America's schools have made significant progress in removing junk food, offering more physical activity opportunities, and establishing policies that prohibit tobacco use," said CDC Director Julie L. Gerberding, M.D., M.P.H. "Our goal with this report is to provide health and education officials with useful information that will help them develop and improve programs that can have significant benefit for our school-aged children."
Major findings include:
- States prohibiting schools from offering junk foods in vending machines increased from 8 percent in 2000 to 32 percent in 2006, and the percentage of school districts doing so increased from 4 percent to 30 percent.
- Schools selling water in vending machines or school stores increased from 30 percent in 2000 to 46 percent in 2006.
- States that required elementary schools to provide students with regularly scheduled recess increased from 4 percent in 2000 to 12 percent in 2006 and the percentage of school districts with this requirement increased from 46 percent to 57 percent.
- Schools with policies that prohibited all tobacco use in all school locations, including off -campus school-sponsored events, increased from 46 percent in 2000 to 64 percent in 2006.
- Schools that sold cookies, cake, or other high-fat baked goods in vending machines or school stores decreased from 38 percent in 2000 to 25 percent in 2006.
- Schools that offered salads a la carte increased from 53 percent in 2000 to 73 percent in 2006.
- The percentage of schools that offered deep fried potatoes (French fries) a la carte decreased from 40 percent to 19 percent.
The 2006 SHPPS also identified several areas that need improvement including: