Flu vaccines protect children well across Europe, but H3N2 remains harder to stop
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 Vaping may raise cognitive impairment risk in young adults, study findsVaping may raise cognitive impairment risk in young adults, study finds
 
A cross-sectional study of 232 young adults in Bangkok found that e-cigarette users were more likely than non-smokers to screen as at risk for cognitive impairment on the MoCA, while no significant differences were seen for ADHD symptom tendency or emotional intelligence.
 
 
 Flu vaccines protect children well across Europe, but H3N2 remains harder to stopFlu vaccines protect children well across Europe, but H3N2 remains harder to stop
 
Influenza vaccination provided strong real-world protection for children in European primary care across two seasons, with overall vaccine effectiveness of 68% in 2022–2023 and 71% in 2023–2024. Protection was highest against influenza B and H1N1, while H3N2 showed lower and more variable effectiveness, supporting the need for higher uptake and continued monitoring.
 
   Scientists find new genetic causes for diabetes in babiesScientists find new genetic causes for diabetes in babies
 
Scientists have found new genetic causes for diabetes in babies – in a part of the genome that has historically been overlooked in genetic studies.
 
   Early epigenetic changes shape infant gut microbiome developmentEarly epigenetic changes shape infant gut microbiome development
 
The gut microbiome and epigenetics-molecular switches that turn genes on or off-are intertwined, and both contribute to neurodevelopment, finds a study publishing April 10 in the Cell Press journal Cell Press Blue.
 
   Smoking during pregnancy raises children’s mental health riskSmoking during pregnancy raises children’s mental health risk
 
Smoking during pregnancy may increase children's mental health issues, with implications for internalizing and externalizing symptoms throughout development.
 
 Genetic variants may reduce effectiveness of popular diabetes drugs
 
Genetic variants may reduce effectiveness of popular diabetes drugsMore than a quarter of people with Type 2 diabetes take GLP-1 receptor agonists, but the popular diabetes drugs might not work as well for people who have certain genetic variants, according to a new study by Stanford Medicine scientists and their collaborators.
 
 
 Early childhood habits shape physical activity levels in adolescence
 
Early childhood habits shape physical activity levels in adolescenceThe numbers are sobering: nearly 80 per cent of the world's teenagers don't get enough physical activity, according to the World Health Organization.
 
 
 Blocking nitric oxide suppresses tumor growth in aggressive pediatric neuroblastoma
 
Blocking nitric oxide suppresses tumor growth in aggressive pediatric neuroblastomaThe tumor begins before birth. Somewhere in the developing fetus, neural crest cells that should have matured into adrenal tissue or sympathetic ganglia take a wrong turn, and a child is born harboring a malignancy that may not declare itself for months.
 
 
 Parents’ intake of sugar substitutes may influence offspring gut biology, study finds
 
Parents’ intake of sugar substitutes may influence offspring gut biology, study findsA mouse study in Frontiers in Nutrition found that parental sucralose and stevia intake altered gut microbiota, short-chain fatty acids, and gene expression across generations, with sucralose showing the stronger and more persistent effects. The changes were transmitted to offspring not directly exposed to the sweeteners, although several effects were attenuated by the F2 generation.
 
 
 Base editing corrects genetic mutation responsible for severe form of inherited epilepsy
 
Base editing corrects genetic mutation responsible for severe form of inherited epilepsyUniversity of Virginia School of Medicine scientists have used a next-generation form of gene editing to fix the underlying cause of a severe form of epilepsy in lab mice.
 
 
 Scientists use whole exome sequencing to discover a new rare genetic disease
 
Scientists use whole exome sequencing to discover a new rare genetic diseaseScientists at Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute and an international team of collaborators used a genetic sequencing technique called whole exome sequencing to discover a new rare genetic disease.
 
 
 Integrated motor exercise improves core ADHD symptoms and executive function
 
Integrated motor exercise improves core ADHD symptoms and executive functionAttention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the most common neurodevelopmental disorders in childhood and is marked not only by inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity, but also by weaknesses in executive functions such as inhibition, working memory, and cognitive flexibility.
 
 
 Immune Amnesia: How Measles Weaken Your Immune System
 
Immune Amnesia: How Measles Weaken Your Immune SystemMeasles can induce immune amnesia, a phenomenon that eliminates acquired immunity to other infectious diseases.
 
 
 Crisis-driven maternal psychological stress can affect fetal development and birth outcomes
 
Crisis-driven maternal psychological stress can affect fetal development and birth outcomesFetal development is a critical stage with effects that can last throughout life. Yet, identifying the effects of maternal psychological stress on the fetus has been difficult, mainly because stressful events often produce psychological and physical consequences that directly affect mothers and their children.
 
 
 New cell atlas reveals biological links to pregnancy complications
 
New cell atlas reveals biological links to pregnancy complicationsThe biological connection between a pregnant woman and her developing baby has been mapped in unprecedented detail by UC San Francisco scientists, revealing new cell types and insights into conditions such as preeclampsia, preterm birth, and miscarriage.
 
 
 Very high prenatal PFAS exposure increases childhood asthma risk
 
Very high prenatal PFAS exposure increases childhood asthma riskHigh prenatal exposure to PFAS linked to increased childhood asthma risk, highlighting concerns over 'forever chemicals' and early-life environmental impacts.
 
 
 What Causes Hair Loss in Women? Hormones, Aging, and Genetics Explained
 
What Causes Hair Loss in Women? Hormones, Aging, and Genetics ExplainedHair loss in women is driven by complex interactions between hormonal changes, hair follicle biology, and the hair growth cycle across different life stages.
 
 
 High prenatal PFAS exposure linked to increased childhood asthma risk
 
High prenatal PFAS exposure linked to increased childhood asthma riskPFAS (perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances) are a large group of synthetic substances that can be found in many products and foods, including firefighting foam.
 
 
 Experts call for expanded Medicaid coverage to improve children’s health
 
Experts call for expanded Medicaid coverage to improve children’s healthAs states reassess Medicaid coverage following recent federal policy changes and the end of pandemic-era protections, researchers are advocating for evidence-based health care policy reform and expanded Medicaid coverage for children.
 
 
 Study warns of rising teen dependency on AI companions
 
It's estimated that more than half of all of U.S. teens are regularly using companion chatbots powered by large language models and generative artificial intelligence (AI) technology.
 
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