Breast milk contains urea. Researchers think it may play an unexpected role
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 Drinking 2–3 cups of coffee a day? A study of 495,000 adults links it to lower AF riskDrinking 2–3 cups of coffee a day? A study of 495,000 adults links it to lower AF risk
 
In a prospective study of 495,269 UK Biobank participants followed for approximately 13 years, researchers found that coffee consumption was associated with a 7% to 11% lower risk of atrial fibrillation (AF), with the strongest association observed at 2–3 cups daily.
 
 
 Breast milk contains urea. Researchers think it may play an unexpected roleBreast milk contains urea. Researchers think it may play an unexpected role
 
Researchers found that urea concentrations in breast milk change during lactation, with evidence suggesting that the mammary gland regulates its transport independently of measured maternal dietary and blood urea levels.
 
   Coffee, vegetables and exercise share a surprising connection in your gutCoffee, vegetables and exercise share a surprising connection in your gut
 
In a study of 6,803 Japanese adults, researchers identified two opposing gut microbiome patterns linking diet, physical activity, smoking, and alcohol consumption with general health and 15 chronic diseases.
 
   Struggling with constipation? Two green kiwifruits a day may helpStruggling with constipation? Two green kiwifruits a day may help
 
A narrative review of 33 publications found that consuming two fresh green kiwifruits daily for approximately four weeks can improve bowel movement frequency and gastrointestinal comfort in adults with functional constipation or constipation-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-C).
 
   A simple salt swap could prevent nearly 3 million deaths a year, researchers estimateA simple salt swap could prevent nearly 3 million deaths a year, researchers estimate
 
A global modelling study covering 193 countries and territories estimated that replacing regular salt with a potassium-enriched substitute containing 25% potassium chloride could prevent 2.96 million deaths, 10.17 million new cardiovascular and chronic kidney disease cases, and 69.43 million disability-adjusted life years annually.
 
 Southern Europe eats closest to the planetary diet, so why is diabetes so high?
 
Southern Europe eats closest to the planetary diet, so why is diabetes so high?Researchers comparing temperature trends, food supplies, and diabetes prevalence across Europe found that Southern Europe had the closest alignment with Planetary Health Diet recommendations, yet also recorded the highest and fastest-rising diabetes prevalence.
 
 
 A study of 27,000 adults links bean products and soy compounds to lower kidney disease odds
 
A study of 27,000 adults links bean products and soy compounds to lower kidney disease oddsA cross-sectional study of 27,003 adults in Northeast China found that higher consumption of processed bean products and soy isoflavones was associated with lower odds of chronic kidney disease, while plain bean intake showed no significant association. The relationship with soy isoflavones was stronger in women, although the observational findings cannot establish whether these foods protect against kidney disease.
 
 
 Omega-3 supplements show surprising effects on blood pressure
 
Omega-3 supplements show surprising effects on blood pressureFindings suggest omega-3 supplements improve blood pressure and inflammatory biomarkers in hypertensive patients, indicating potential therapeutic benefits.
 
 
 Exercise may improve mood and memory, and researchers say doctors should prescribe it
 
Exercise may improve mood and memory, and researchers say doctors should prescribe itIn a Viewpoint, researchers examined evidence that exercise can reduce symptoms of depression and anxiety, support cognition, and may help lower the risk of cognitive decline, although evidence for dementia prevention remains largely observational.
 
 
 Graded physical activity prescriptions improve functional outcomes in psychiatry
 
Graded physical activity prescriptions improve functional outcomes in psychiatryMost of us have heard the advice so often that it has worn smooth, like a stone in a river: get some exercise. A new peer-reviewed Viewpoint in Brain Health, drawing on randomized trials, meta-analyses, and cohort studies, argues that this familiar sentence has been doing the wrong job.
 
 
 Exercise, diet or stress? One lifestyle habit stood out in a heart disease study
 
Exercise, diet or stress? One lifestyle habit stood out in a heart disease studyA hospital-based case-control study involving 495 adults in Iran found that higher healthy lifestyle scores were associated with lower odds of cardiovascular disease, even after adjustment for demographic and socioeconomic factors. Physical activity and recreation showed the strongest numerical association per questionnaire point, although the observational design could not establish whether healthier habits prevented cardiovascular disease.
 
 
 Retatrutide reduces knee pain and body weight in osteoarthritis patients
 
Retatrutide reduces knee pain and body weight in osteoarthritis patientsFor people with painful knee osteoarthritis (OA) who are overweight or have obesity, everyday activities such as walking, climbing stairs and standing up from a chair can be difficult.
 
 
 Late night eating and sleep habits damage gut health, increase metabolic disease risk
 
Late night eating and sleep habits damage gut health, increase metabolic disease riskA new study led by UTHealth Houston identified a link between late-night eating and sleeping habits, gut health, and metabolic disease, offering new insights into why some individuals with obesity may face risk of inflammation and related health problems.
 
 
 Early heart procedures do not improve long-term survival in stable heart disease
 
Early heart procedures do not improve long-term survival in stable heart diseasePatients with stable heart disease and abnormal stress tests who have invasive procedures early in their care do not live longer than those initially treated with drugs and lifestyle changes alone, an international study shows.
 
 
 Caffeine intake rises among Korean adults as brewed coffee gains ground
 
Caffeine intake rises among Korean adults as brewed coffee gains groundAn analysis of 48,991 Korean adults found that average daily caffeine intake from beverages increased between 2016 and 2024, while the odds of consuming at least 400 mg of caffeine on a single day rose by approximately 5% annually. Coffee remained the predominant caffeine source, with a shift from prepared coffee mixes toward brewed coffee and distinct consumption patterns across age groups and sexes.
 
 
 Multi-component nutritional supplement improves markers of vascular health
 
Multi-component nutritional supplement improves markers of vascular healthA multi-component nutritional supplement has been found to improve markers of vascular health, in a randomized controlled trial led by the University of Surrey.
 
 
 Regular coffee consumption alters gut bacteria and digestive physiology
 
Regular coffee consumption alters gut bacteria and digestive physiologyIf you drink coffee regularly, it appears to alter not only your gut bacteria but also the physiology of the gut itself. That is the conclusion of a study from the University of Copenhagen, which may help point the way towards better treatments for constipation.
 
 
 New AI e-nose device brings digitized smell to wearable technology
 
New AI e-nose device brings digitized smell to wearable technologyOur sense of smell shapes how we navigate our environment, but it's a sensation that's notoriously difficult to recreate in the digital world.
 
 
 Gut-brain dopamine pathway drives learned food preferences over time
 
Gut-brain dopamine pathway drives learned food preferences over timeIf you can remember your first sip of coffee, the memory might not be a pleasant one. Coffee's bitter flavor is one we naturally steer clear of. So how do coffee fans learn to love it?
 
 
 CIRM grant funds new stem cell therapy to heal hearts
 
CIRM grant funds new stem cell therapy to heal heartsA new $6.9 million grant from the California Institute for Regenerative Medicine (CIRM) will support preclinical development of an investigational cell therapy for the heart created by USC Stem Cell scientists.
 
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