Refined starch activates immune pathways after low-carb weight loss
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 A common drink pattern was linked to less sleep and more fatigue in soldiersA common drink pattern was linked to less sleep and more fatigue in soldiers
 
A cross-sectional study of 1,155 active-duty Spanish Army personnel identified three distinct co-consumption profiles based on the frequency of caffeinated beverage, energy drink, and sugar-sweetened beverage use.
 
 
 Refined starch activates immune pathways after low-carb weight lossRefined starch activates immune pathways after low-carb weight loss
 
After substantial weight loss on a very-low-carbohydrate diet, participants who switched to a diet rich in refined starch showed greater activation of circulating immune and metabolic pathways than those who continued the low-carbohydrate diet or consumed a high-carbohydrate diet rich in added sugar.
 
   Five minutes of coffee aroma was linked to shifts in mood and brain activityFive minutes of coffee aroma was linked to shifts in mood and brain activity
 
Short-term coffee aroma exposure was followed by reductions in several negative mood measures and an increase in an EEG-derived relaxation index in 20 healthy young adults. Heart rate and HRV did not change significantly, and the uncontrolled study cannot establish that coffee aroma caused the observed responses.
 
   Why a shorter eating window may not mean better metabolic healthWhy a shorter eating window may not mean better metabolic health
 
In a nationally representative cross-sectional study of 16,973 Korean adults, researchers identified three distinct eating patterns based on the timing and distribution of daily energy intake. Eating later within a shorter daily window was associated with higher odds of metabolic syndrome, elevated blood pressure, triglycerides, and fasting glucose, while frequent grazing showed a mixed metabolic profile.
 
   Gut microbiome may reveal inflammation and future disease risk better than ageGut microbiome may reveal inflammation and future disease risk better than age
 
Gut microbiota composition explained more variation than chronological age in nearly all inflammatory cytokines and most physiological measures examined, with specific microbial profiles linked to markedly different patterns of inflammation across adulthood.
 
 Rice, seafood and water may help explain striking differences in metal exposure across US communities
 
Rice, seafood and water may help explain striking differences in metal exposure across US communitiesResearchers compared urinary trace-metal profiles across 666 adults from six ethnic groups in three US cohorts, with up to 19 elements measured and paired serum measurements available for the Asian Indian MASALA cohort.
 
 
 More data, more answers? A 1.9 million-person health study shows why scale has limits
 
More data, more answers? A 1.9 million-person health study shows why scale has limitsResearchers analyzed phenotypic and linked health-record data from more than 1.9 million adults in Our Future Health, comparing demographic characteristics, disease patterns, clinical associations, and rare-condition case counts with national data and other major cohorts.
 
 
 Like your tea or coffee very hot? A study of nearly 1 million adults found a striking cancer link
 
Like your tea or coffee very hot? A study of nearly 1 million adults found a striking cancer linkIn pooled prospective data from 977,282 UK adults, preferring tea or coffee “very hot” was associated with more than threefold higher risk of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma compared with preferring drinks “warm,” while drink temperature showed no material association with adenocarcinoma risk.
 
 
 Study reveals processes driving DNA damage in prostate cancer
 
Study reveals processes driving DNA damage in prostate cancerCancer begins with errors in the DNA inside our cells, and those errors are often more complicated than a handful of mutated genes.
 
 
 You may not need 10,000 steps if some of them are taken at a faster pace
 
You may not need 10,000 steps if some of them are taken at a faster paceA prospective UK Biobank study of 103,684 adults found that higher peak 30-minute stepping cadence was associated with lower all-cause and cardiovascular mortality across several daily step-count levels. The findings indicate that both total daily steps and the intensity of the most active stepping minutes may matter for mortality risk, particularly for people who find higher step totals difficult to achieve.
 
 
 A study of more than 21,000 adults found an unusual link between psilocybin and diet
 
A study of more than 21,000 adults found an unusual link between psilocybin and dietUsing data from more than 21,800 adults in two UK birth cohorts, researchers found that lifetime psilocybin and LSD use was associated with stronger pro-environmental attitudes and a greater likelihood of following a vegetarian diet, with psilocybin showing the clearer dietary pattern.
 
 
 An 8-hour eating window stood out for weight loss, but the full picture is more complicated
 
An 8-hour eating window stood out for weight loss, but the full picture is more complicatedA pooled analysis of individual data from five time-restricted eating trials involving 124 adults linked shorter eating windows with modestly greater weight loss. Eight-hour TRE was associated with greater weight loss than 12-hour TRE and controls, while cardiometabolic outcomes showed no consistent relationship with eating-window duration and several weight associations weakened after adjustment.
 
 
 What happens to blood pressure during extreme heat? A 4.2 million-visit study offers a clue
 
What happens to blood pressure during extreme heat? A 4.2 million-visit study offers a clueIn a cross-sectional analysis of more than 4.2 million summer outpatient encounters across US community health centers, same-day extreme heat was associated with small reductions in systolic and diastolic blood pressure, with somewhat larger differences among adults aged 65 years or older.
 
 
 Working shifts may change more than your sleep schedule
 
Working shifts may change more than your sleep scheduleA cross-sectional analysis of 1,814 Japanese workers found that shift work was associated with lower raw seafood intake and shorter sleep patterns in both sexes, while female shift workers also consumed less milk and dairy products.
 
 
 Your voice could add something aging blood tests and scans miss
 
Your voice could add something aging blood tests and scans missResearchers found that a standardized 30-second voice recording could predict chronological age with mean absolute errors of 3.95 years in females and 4.41 years in males. The resulting Voice Age measure also captured physiological information partly distinct from molecular, imaging, sleep, and lifestyle-based aging clocks, supporting its potential as a functional aging biomarker.
 
 
 Stevia tastes sweet, but does your body react as if sugar is coming?
 
Stevia tastes sweet, but does your body react as if sugar is coming?In a randomized, double-blind crossover study, researchers tested stevia alone and with glucose in adults with normal weight, overweight, or type 2 diabetes to assess acute effects on blood glucose, insulin, gut hormones, appetite, and subsequent food intake.
 
 
 Early studies hint that ketones may affect pathways linked to PTSD
 
Early studies hint that ketones may affect pathways linked to PTSDAn integrative review found that ketogenic therapy may influence metabolic, inflammatory, oxidative stress, and neurotransmitter pathways implicated in PTSD, with animal studies and small human studies reporting early signs of symptom improvement. Human evidence remains limited to very small cohorts, case reports, and pilot studies, and controlled trials have yet to establish clinical efficacy.
 
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