Aspirin is used by millions of patients for the prevention and treatment of coronary artery disease, the single leading cause of death in the world.
In the largest study to date on the effectiveness of aspirin, researchers at the Center for Thrombosis Research at Sinai Hospital of Baltimore recently demonstrated that aspirin resistance is rare, less than 5 percent, at all doses (81 mg, 162 mg and 325 mg) in patients with heart disease. The results of study were recently published in the June 11 issue of Circulation, a journal of the American Heart Association (DOI: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.106.675587).
Most coronary artery disease deaths are caused by platelets sticking together and forming blood clots (thrombosis) that block blood flow within arteries, resulting in a heart attack. By inhibiting clotting, aspirin keeps platelets from sticking together by specifically blocking an important enzyme, COX-1.
“The occurrence of clotting in patients taking aspirin therapy has been attributed to the failure of aspirin blocking its target and is a hot topic in cardiovascular disease today,” said Paul Gurbel, MD, lead investigator for the study and director of the Center for Thrombosis Research at Sinai Hospital of Baltimore. “However, our data suggest that aspirin blocks COX-1 with high efficiency.”
The team at the Center for Thrombosis Research at Sinai Hospital studied 125 patients with a history of coronary artery disease treated with aspirin. All patients were randomly placed on 81 mg, 162 mg and 325 mg of aspirin daily for four weeks each for a total of 12 weeks. Then the response to aspirin was tested by multitude methods. When measuring the ability of aspirin to block its target, COX-1, it was found highly effective at all dose levels.