Androgen-deprivation therapy (AD), an effective therapy in the treatment of prostate cancer reduces levels of testosterone (a tumor stimulant), and estradiol, a form of estrogen, in men. These are known to be important in neurological development and play a particularly important role in the cognitive areas of learning and memory.
A study in Finland investigated the relationship between serum estradiol and cognitive functioning in men with prostate cancer treated with androgen-deprivation therapy. They found cognitive performance in several specific areas was linked with declines in estradiol brought on by the therapy.
Six months into treatment, men were found to have temporary, marginal but significant declines in visual memory of figures and recognition speed of numbers. Tests at twelve months showed marginal improvement in verbal fluency associated with estradiol declines. No other cognitive areas were affected. The degree of cognitive change was related to the magnitude of estradiol declines. Despite these "selective and marginal" changes associated with estradiol declines, cognitive function is well preserved during 12 months in men without previous neurological or psychological diseases.
Eeva Salminen, M.D. and colleagues at Turku University Hospital in Turku, Finland investigated the relationship between serum estradiol and cognitive functioning in men with prostate cancer treated with androgen-deprivation therapy.