Correcting social, economic and healthcare inequalities may have the most significant impact in reducing survival differences in colorectal cancer (CRC) between African Americans and Caucasians, according to a new study.
Published in the June 1, 2007 issue of CANCER, a peer-reviewed journal of the American Cancer Society, a meta-analysis of data from published studies demonstrated that when socioeconomic factors and treatment utilization were controlled for or equalized, racial disparities were reduced substantially.
Lower socioeconomic status (SES) is well known to be associated with poorer health outcomes, including higher death rates. It is linked to impediments to healthcare access and receiving suboptimal care; higher risk of exposure to occupational and environmental hazards; and riskier behavior and less healthy lifestyles.
Survival differences in CRC between African Americans and whites have been well documented in the epidemiology literature. At the beginning of the 21st century, African Americans were dying from CRC at significant higher rates than white Americans. At five years after diagnosis, almost half of African Americans would be dead from CRC compared to just one third (35 percent) of white Americans. Research indicates that factors such as lower utilization of screening tests, lower rates of surgery and adjuvant chemotherapy, more aggressive tumors, and poor post-treatment surveillance contribute to lower survival rates. However, the fundamental causes of these associations, including the importance of biologic versus socioeconomic factors, remain poorly characterized.