Group interpersonal psychotherapy is effective in reducing depressive symptoms among adolescent girls affected by war and displacement, according to researchers at the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health and other institutions. However, the same treatment was not as effective in boys.
The researchers also report no statistical improvement in decreasing conduct problems in either sex. The study is published in the August 1, 2007, issue of the Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA), a theme issue on violence and human rights.
"Rigorous evaluations of intervention programs provided by local and international organizations can and should be done to best utilize resources and identify what actually succeeds in helping the neediest populations," said Judith K. Bass, PhD, MPH, co-author of the study and an assistant professor in the Bloomberg School of Public Health's Department of Mental Health. "Our study shows that scientific rigor can be maintained even in very low-resource contexts. For example, one nongovernmental organization [NGO] we studied is already adapting their creative play intervention program."
From May to December 2005, the study authors conducted a randomized, controlled trial of 314 adolescents (aged 14 to 17 years) in camps for displaced persons in northern Uganda. The study participants were divided among three groups - group interpersonal psychotherapy intervention, creative play intervention or a wait-control group that received treatment at the end of the study. Both intervention groups met weekly for 16 weeks. The researchers assessed the effectiveness of local NGO interventions to reduce depression symptoms using a locally validated psychosocial assessment questionnaire to rate the severity of depression.
The researchers report that interpersonal psychotherapy interventions reduced depression symptoms. Creative play was not statistically significant in its impact on the adolescents. Recovery was defined as a reduction of 50 percent or more of an individual's baseline depression symptom severity score; remission was defined as being at or less than a predetermined cutoff score. Among the interpersonal psychotherapy intervention group, 42 percent of the girls and 31 percent of the boys recovered; 33.9 percent of girls and 22.7 percent of boys met remission criteria.