Giving pancreatic cancer patients the chemotherapy drug gemcitabine after surgery delays progression of the disease by about six months, according to new research by Japanese scientists.
The study, presented at the European Cancer Conference (ECCO 14) in Barcelona, found that the drug more than doubled the average disease-free survival from 4.9 months to 11.4 months.
“We believe that a median disease-free survival of 11.4 months is an outstanding result. It means an improvement, or reduction in the risk of recurrence, of 41 percent,” said the study's lead researcher, Dr Tomoo Kosuge, deputy director of the National Cancer Center Hospital in Tokyo, Japan. “That is difficult to achieve in patients with pancreatic cancer.”
Pancreatic cancer has among the poorest prognoses. Most often, it has already spread by the time it is diagnosed, but in about 20 percent of patients, surgery is a viable option. However, even if it can be operated on, the cancer normally recurs and more than half of patients die within 20 months of their diagnosis. Only around 20 percent of them are still alive five years after being diagnosed.
Chemotherapy with gemcitabine is the standard treatment for advanced pancreatic cancer that cannot be operated on. As for resectable pancreatic cancer, researchers are investigating whether chemotherapy or chemoradiation might help. However, there is no universally accepted adjuvant treatment for patients whose pancreas can be removed, so mere observation after surgery is still the widely accepted approach.
In the latest study, 118 patients whose pancreatic cancer could be cut out were either given gemcitabine chemotherapy after surgery or closely monitored by doctors. Both groups were followed for more than 20 months.