A recent study by Jasmohan Bajaj, M.D., and colleagues from Virginia Commonwealth University and McGuire VA Medical Center found that patients with cirrhosis of the liver who developed minimal hepatic encephalopathy (MHE) had a 16% rate of motor vehicle crashes compared to only 4% of those without MHE over one year. The rate of accidents was also significantly higher than the state annual crash rate of 3%-3.3%. Results of the study are available in the October issue of Hepatology, a journal published by Wiley-Blackwell on behalf of the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases.
Minimal hepatic encephalopathy (MHE) is a prevalent neurocognitive complication associated with cirrhosis of the liver. Up to 80% of cirrhotic patients are diagnosed with MHE, which causes impaired attention, response inhibition, visuo-motor coordination and psychomotor speed. Patients with MHE may progress to overt hepatic encephalopathy (OHE), which in addition to impaired cognition function, causes a flapping tremor (asterixis), decreased consciousness including coma, swelling of the brain (cerebral edema), and death.
The study followed 167 cirrhotic patients from Wisconsin and Virginia who had a diagnosis of MHE. Median age of participants was 53 years, an age group considered to have the safest driving record, and patients had on average 36 (+11) years of driving experience. Standard psychometric testing (SPT) was administered to evaluate mental processing speed, attention, and visuo-spatial coordination. The inhibitory control test (ICT), a freely downloadable test of attention that uses a timed response to lures and targets, was also conducted to measure psychological performance.