SCORE project pursues novel high-performance computing applications for radiotherapy
Researchers from the San Diego Supercomputer Center (SDSC) at UC San Diego have joined forces with the Department of Radiation Oncology in the university's School of Medicine, its Department of Mathematics, and the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) in a three-year, $1.5 million project to pursue novel applications of high-performance computing (HPC) in radiotherapy.
Under the project, called SCORE for SuperComputing Online Re-planning Environment,
SDSC researchers are collaborating with oncology researchers to redesign treatment plans leveraging HPC resources and expertise. The project was awarded from a University of California Office of the President grant based on the Lab Fees Research Program in 2009.
The ultimate goal of the proposed HPC-based radiation therapy, specifically referred to as 'Adaptive Radiation Therapy (ART) Based on High-Performance Computing,' is to deliver a prescribed radiation dose to targets containing tumors and cancerous regions, while sparing surrounding functional organs and normal tissues. Currently, these regions are treated using a so-called "optimal" treatment plan that is based on patient geometry acquired via imaging prior to commencement of a sequence of 25 to 40 daily treatments administered during a time span of five and eight weeks.
"This current treatment paradigm therefore implicitly assumes that the patient is static and ignores the fact that tumor and nearby organs are mobile and distensible, so that their position and shape may vary substantially from day to day, and that there is significant dynamic change in tumor geometry in response to the radiotherapy," said Steve Jiang, associate professor and executive director for the Center for Advanced Radiotherapy Technologies (CART), the research arm of the Department of Radiation and Oncology at UC San Diego's School of Medicine, and director of the SCORE project. "As a result, the quality of the current treatment plans may deteriorate during their course."
The biggest challenge for the proposed HPC-based radiation therapy is the real-time requirement of performing three computationally intensive tasks: patient modeling based on deformable image registration, radiation transport simulation and dose calculation using Monte Carlo methods, and treatment optimization as a large scale optimization problem.
"Traditional HPC platforms, due to the difficulty in availability to general clinical users and real-time accessibility, are not suitable for real-time re-planning treatment while the patient is lying under the treatment machine waiting for radiation treatment," said Amit Majumdar, head of the Scientific Computing Applications Group at SDSC, and a newly named associate professor in the Department of Radiation Oncology at UC San Diego's School of Medicine.