Researchers explore link between diet, metabolic homeostasis and air pollutant exposure

Is air pollution connected with increases in obesity, diabetes, and chronic kidney disease? Researchers are providing insight into that question today at the Society of Toxicology (SOT) 53rd Annual Meeting and ToxExpo in Phoenix, Ariz.

More than 30 percent of the US population has metabolic syndrome, which is the name for a group of factors that increase the sufferer's risk of heart disease, diabetes, stroke and other health problems. While researchers have connected high-calorie, high-fat diets and sedentary lifestyles to the increase in metabolic syndrome in developed countries, others are looking into whether or not air pollution is also contributing to the epidemic.

"While our knowledge of how air pollution might be contributing to the metabolic syndrome epidemic is still primitive, the experimental evidence that does exist provides a potential causal relationship between air pollution and a number of metabolic processes, including glucose intolerance, insulin resistance, and body fat inflammation," says Urmila P. Kodavanti, PhD, DABT, US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), co-chair of the "Exploring the Interface Between Air Pollution and Metabolic Syndrome: The Bittersweet Dilemma" session.

Today's session addresses the toxic interface between diet, metabolic homeostasis, and air pollutant exposure through presentations by:

• James R. Sowers, MD, University of Missouri, who is discussing integrated approaches to studying the constellation of factors involved in insulin resistance and associated cardiorenal metabolic disease.


• Robert Brook, MD, University of Michigan, who is describing the results of his team's experiments on short-term human exposure to fine particle air pollution, which revealed a worsening in the body's ability to respond to insulin.


• James G. Wagner, MBA, PhD, Michigan State University, co-chair of session, who is revealing the results of his studies that are the first to show adverse cardiovascular responses in animals with metabolic syndrome.


• Stephanie A. Shore, PhD, Harvard School of Public Health, who is presenting her research into the effects of ozone exposure when combined with obesity, which showed an increased sensitivity in obese mice to ozone-induced effects.


• Dr. Kodavanti, who is discussing the results of her research into the effect of ozone exposure on metabolic processes.

"This research is just the beginning, as much more research is needed to establish whether exposure to air pollution might contribute to diabetes and obesity," says Dr. Wagner, "but because of the large prevalence of metabolic syndrome, any incremental adverse health effect caused by air pollution could have a huge impact on health care and economic costs, as well as quality of life."

SOURCE Society of Toxicology