Many women fail to understand risks of unapproved, untested bioidentical hormone therapies

From 28% to 68% of women using hormones at menopause take compounded, so-called "bioidentical" hormones, but women don't understand the risks of these unapproved, untested treatments, shows an analysis of two large surveys, which was published online today in Menopause, the journal of The North American Menopause Society.

Prescriptions of compounded hormones aren't systematically tracked the way those for FDA-approved drugs are, so the analysts used two large internet surveys of middle-aged and older US women to gauge how commonly they use approved hormone therapy and compounded hormone therapy at menopause. Nearly 3,000 women completed the Harris Interactive Inc and Rose Research LLC surveys, and the researchers used their feedback and US Census data to estimate national use.

They calculated that each year 57 to 75 million prescriptions for all menopausal hormone therapies are filled. Thirty-six million prescriptions are written for FDA-approved hormone therapy, so the remaining 28 to 39 million prescriptions are likely for compounded hormones.

But it seems that women who take them don't know what they're getting into. One survey asked women "Do you believe that bioidentical hormone therapies compounded at a specialty pharmacy are FDA-approved?" Only 14% correctly answered "no." Most--76%--weren't sure, and 10% incorrectly answered "yes."

The risks of taking unapproved compounded hormones are not well documented because the formulations are not tested in clinical trials before they are dispensed and there is no formal mechanism for reporting adverse events after women take them. But investigative news reporting in MORE magazine (October 2013) demonstrated that filled compounded hormone prescriptions often don't have the amounts of hormone prescribed. That can be especially risky when a woman takes estrogen without enough progesterone, an imbalance that puts women at increased risk of endometrial cancer.

The Harris survey results show that most women (63%) are talking to their doctors about their menopausal symptoms and the treatment options. However, fewer women are using menopausal hormone therapy today--only 13% to 15% in these surveys. After evidence of adverse events from the Women's Health Initiative made news in 2000, hormone therapy use plummeted. Concern about those adverse events seems to have prompted many women who want to take hormones to seek out physicians who prescribe compounded hormones, which are marketed as "natural" or "bioidentical"--and therefore perceived as safer--even though many of the FDA-approved hormones are also the same as the body makes.

"These results indicate a general lack of understanding about key differences between compounded and FDA-approved hormone therapy. This publication establishes the need for better education on this topic," commented Dr. Margery Gass, executive director of The North American Menopause Society.

Source: The North American Menopause Society (NAMS)