Cytoplasm News and Research

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Immunologists uncover the immune system's unknown messenger

A novel messenger which alarms nearby cells when the immune system recognizes infections has been uncovered by immunologists from Aarhus University, Denmark. This knowledge will help fighting infections and autoimmune diseases.

26 Feb 2019

Mutations in folliculin gene affect embryo implantation

New information is unfolding on the genetic controls of an early turning point in pregnancy. As the tiny, dividing cell mass, the blastocyst, travels from the oviduct and lodges in the wall of the uterus, the cells must exit their pre-implantation state and be ready for post-implantation development.

7 Feb 2019

Detecting and mapping of chemicals inside a biological cell

How are chemicals distributed in a cell? Chinese scientists have developed a combined mass spectrometry and biological imaging device that enables direct, label-free detection, and high-resolution mapping of chemicals inside a biological cell.

7 Feb 2019

Study points to potential new biomarker and drug target for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

Research led by stem cell scientists at Harvard University points to a potential new biomarker and drug target for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, a neurological disease that is extremely difficult to diagnose and treat.

16 Jan 2019

Researchers identify a key regulator that stops excessive inflammation

A component has been identified by researchers in Umeå as a novel regulator of the immune system. It acts as a molecular switch to deactivate the innate immune system and has the ability to prevent certain diseases caused by an excessive activation of the immune system.

15 Jan 2019

New portable optical imaging system brings diagnostic potential into operating room

A team of University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign researchers led by Professor Stephen Boppart has successfully visualized the tumor microenvironment of human breast tissue shortly after it was surgically removed from a patient in the operating room.

20 Dec 2018

Researchers discover how MAPK translocation leads to drug resistance in melanoma

Researchers have discovered that the ER translocation of MAPK leads to drug resistance in melanoma.

18 Dec 2018

Study provides new insights into mechanisms used by cells to transmit genetic information

The integrity of the genome relies on the ability of the cells to build and maintain a well-defined boundary between the nuclear compartment and the cytoplasm, known as the nuclear envelope.

4 Dec 2018

Scientists develop nanoscale tweezers that can move freely within cells

Researchers have developed nanoscale “tweezers” that can extract cellular components such as DNA, proteins, and organelles, without causing damage or bursting the cell.

3 Dec 2018

Study uncovers how HIV DNA is blocked from entering the cell nucleus

Multiple components of the nuclear pore complex and nuclear import machinery enable a protein called human myxovirus resistance 2 (MX2) to inhibit HIV-1 infection, according to a study published November 29 in the open-access journal PLOS Pathogens by Michael Malim of King’s College London, and colleagues.

3 Dec 2018

Novel DNA nanoplatform delivers anticancer agents to multidrug-resistant tumors

One of the most successful techniques to combat multidrug resistance in cancer cells is the downregulation of those genes responsible for drug resistance.

22 Nov 2018

Lower levels of protein make squamous carcinoma cells more invasive

Loss of a protein called TRIM29 promotes cancer cell invasion in a common type of skin cancer, suggesting a novel diagnostic marker and a possible therapeutic target.

21 Nov 2018

Researchers unravel mystery of NPM1 protein in acute myeloid leukemia

While it has long been recognized that mutated gene NPM1 plays an important role in acute myeloid leukemia, no one has determined how the normal and the mutated forms of the protein NPM1 function.

13 Nov 2018

Scientists move closer to gonorrhea vaccine after large-scale proteomic study

In a study of proteins historic in its scope, researchers at Oregon State University have pushed closer both to a vaccine for gonorrhea and toward understanding why the bacteria that cause the disease are so good at fending off antimicrobial drugs.

8 Nov 2018

Researchers discover how protein pair regulates cellular calcium signals

All mammalian cells need a ready supply of calcium ions to execute functions as diverse as neurotransmission, muscle contraction, hormone release, or immune responses. So fundamental is this requirement that cells protect themselves from disaster by storing calcium in a network of intracellular cisterns called the endoplasmic reticulum, or ER.

31 Oct 2018

Quantum dot-based FISH method enhances cell imaging

A team of researchers from the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign and Mayo Clinic have engineered a new type of molecular probe that can measure and count RNA in cells and tissue without organic dyes.

30 Oct 2018

New findings highlight importance of inflammatory component in atherosclerosis pathogenesis

One of the main characteristics of atherosclerosis is the accumulation of lipids in the intimal layer of the arterial wall.

29 Oct 2018

Study: Atg2 tethers pre-autophagosomal membrane to endoplasmic reticulum during autophagosome formation

Postdoctoral Researcher Tetsuya Kotani, Associate Professor Hitoshi Nakatogawa, Honorary Professor Yoshinori Ohsumi and colleagues at Tokyo Institute of Technology have analyzed the Atg protein Atg2, whose function had been completely unknown, and have discovered that Atg2 tethers the pre-autophagosomal membrane to the endoplasmic reticulum during autophagosome formation.

23 Oct 2018

Findings offer new insight into early changes that occur during AD pathology

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia, involving memory loss and a reduction in cognitive abilities.

12 Oct 2018

Study analyzes distribution of two cytokines in sections of carotid atherosclerotic plaques

Inflammation is currently a well-documented component of atheroslcerosis pathogenesis, which plays a role at each stage of the disease development.

6 Oct 2018