Type 2 Diabetes

Type 2 diabetes, formerly called adult-onset or noninsulindependent diabetes, is the most common form of diabetes. People can develop type 2 diabetes at any age, even during childhood. This form of diabetes usually begins with insulin resistance, a condition in which fat, muscle, and liver cells do not use insulin properly. At first, the pancreas keeps up with the added demand by producing more insulin. In time, however, it loses the ability to secrete enough insulin in response to meals. People who are overweight and inactive are more likely to develop type 2 diabetes. Treatment includes taking diabetes medicines, making wise food choices, exercising regularly, controlling blood pressure and cholesterol, and taking aspirin daily—for some.

What is Type 2 Diabetes?

Type 2 diabetes is a common metabolic condition that develops when the body fails to produce enough insulin or when insulin fails to work properly, which is referred to as insulin resistance. Insulin is the hormone that stimulates cells to uptake glucose from the blood to use for energy.

Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 Pathophysiology

Type 2 Diabetes Symptoms

Type 2 Diabetes Diagnosis

Type 2 Diabetes Screening and Prevention

Type 2 Diabetes Treatment

Living With Type 2 Diabetes

Vitamin D and Type 2 Diabetes

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Are Low Carbohydrate Diets Good for Type 2 Diabetes?

What is Insulin Resistance?

Insulin Resistance Pathophysiology

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Latest Type 2 Diabetes News and Research

Pacific Islander, Native Hawaiian and Asian American populations show varying heart disease risk factors

Asian American, Native Hawaiian and other Pacific Islander (AANHPI) populations experienced differences in both cardiovascular disease predicted risk and risk factors, according to preliminary research presented at the American Heart Association's Epidemiology and Prevention | Lifestyle and Cardiometabolic Health Scientific Sessions 2025.

6 Mar 2025

Global study finds fruit and vegetable consumption cuts disease risk—why aren't we eating enough?

Scientists confirm fruits and vegetables reduce diabetes, heart disease risk, but highlight urgent need for clarity on cancer protection mechanisms. Sustainable water practices and targeted policy actions are crucial for wider adoption.

6 Mar 2025

Snoring regularly? Your diabetes risk jumps if you had gestational diabetes

Short sleep duration and frequent snoring significantly raise the risk of type 2 diabetes in women with prior gestational diabetes. Regular snoring is also linked to poorer glucose metabolism biomarkers.

6 Mar 2025

Eating ultra-processed foods harms your gut—here’s how inflammation takes hold

Ultra-processed foods disrupt gut microbiome balance, causing inflammation, reduced microbial diversity, and increased gut permeability. This microbiome imbalance contributes to chronic diseases including diabetes, IBD, cancer, and neurological disorders.

6 Mar 2025

Study finds Pacific children struggling with micronutrient intake and obesity

Children ages two to eight years across 11 Pacific jurisdictions (Alaska, American Samoa, Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands, Federated States of Micronesia, Guam, Hawai'i, Marshall Islands, and Palau) are not meeting daily recommended intakes for key micronutrients, either consuming too much or too little.

6 Mar 2025

Study shows benefits of GLP-1 drugs for kidney transplant recipients with type 2 diabetes

Kidney transplant recipients with type 2 diabetes treated with a new class of anti-obesity drugs were less likely to experience organ failure and survived longer, a new study shows.

5 Mar 2025

Melatonin protects skeletal muscle from damage caused by "diabesity"

An international study led by the University of Granada (UGR) has revealed that melatonin, known for its ability to regulate the sleep/wake cycle, can restore the composition of muscle fibers and protect skeletal muscle from damage caused by obesity and type 2 diabetes, known as "diabesity".

5 Mar 2025

Daily mango consumption may improve insulin sensitivity in overweight or obese adults

New research has uncovered a potential gamechanger for improving cardiometabolic health: fresh mangos.

5 Mar 2025

Novel strategy targets beta cell dysfunction in type 2 diabetes

Researchers from the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai in New York have discovered a novel approach to protecting insulin-producing beta cells from the damaging effects of glucolipotoxicity-a harmful condition linked to the progression of type 2 diabetes (T2D).

4 Mar 2025

Study provides a comprehensive cellular map of how diabetes disrupts bone immune interactions

When we think of type 2 diabetes, images of heart problems or kidney damage often come to mind. But lurking quietly behind these well-known complications is another serious threat—bone disease.

4 Mar 2025

Heart disease risk drops in walkable areas—but only when residents agree they’re walkable

Researchers found that perceived—but not objective—neighborhood walkability is linked to lower cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk, while food environment showed no significant impact after adjustments.

3 Mar 2025

Does a vegetarian diet help or harm your brain? Here’s what the science reveals

A recent study in Nutrients examines the effects of vegetarian and vegan diets on neurological health, highlighting both benefits and potential nutrient deficiencies that impact cognitive function.

3 Mar 2025

Breakthrough research uncovers way to maintain metabolism during calorie restriction

Many people who have tried to lose weight by cutting calories are familiar with this frustrating reality: at some point, the body stops shedding pounds.

3 Mar 2025

Diabetic retinal disease prevalence rises while severe cases decline

Although the prevalence of diabetes-related eye diseases almost doubled since 2014, the rates of most severe forms of the disease have actually decreased, according to a new study led by researchers at the Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania.

3 Mar 2025

One-hour glucose tolerance test could revolutionize postpartum diabetes screening

Caring for a baby is a full-time job, often causing new mothers to overlook their own health needs. This situation is exemplified by the low compliance with postpartum glucose screening among women who had gestational diabetes-a condition that significantly increases their risk of developing type 2 diabetes later in life.

3 Mar 2025