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Gene sequencing reveals crucial molecular aspects of Trypanosoma brucei

Trypanosoma brucei, which causes sleeping sickness, evades the immune system by repeatedly altering the structure of its surface coat. Sequencing of its genome and studies of its 3D genome architecture have now revealed crucial molecular aspects of this strategy.

19 Oct 2018

Finding epigenetic signature appears to predict inflammation risk in serious type of IBD

With an estimated 1.6 million people in the U.S. dealing with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), physicians can have a hard time telling which newly diagnosed patients have a high risk of severe inflammation or what therapies will be most effective.

20 Sep 2018

Researchers describe novel mechanism that links epigenetic change to translational control

Understanding how memories form and are retrieved has applications to psychiatric, neurological and neurodegenerative disorders, and may be helpful to attenuate maladaptive memories in psychiatric disorders.

7 Sep 2018

New system accelerates discovery of chemical compounds that inhibit enzyme implicated in cancers

Researchers at the National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, part of the National Institutes of Health, have developed a system to accelerate the discovery of chemical compounds that inhibit an enzyme implicated in a number of cancers.

6 Sep 2018

Comprehensive analysis reveals weaknesses to target in common pediatric solid tumor

St. Jude Children's Research Hospital investigators have completed the most comprehensive analysis yet of a common pediatric solid tumor, identifying weaknesses to target and a promising precision medicine that is now in clinical trials.

23 Aug 2018

Study identifies key role of TLK1 and TLK2 enzymes in DNA replication

During cell growth, cells copy their DNA through a process called DNA replication. For this process to be accurate, the genetic and epigenetic information must be copied flawlessly.

9 Aug 2018

Study identifies RNA molecules that regulate male hormones in prostate cancer

In most cases of prostate cancer, tumor cell growth is stimulated by the action of male hormones, or androgens, such as testosterone and dihydrotestosterone.

19 Jul 2018

Potential oocyte-specific factors that can drive somatic cell reprogramming

The promise of generating truly pluripotent stem cells from terminally differentiated adult cell types continues to captivate scientists who envision great potential for therapeutic interventions.

4 Jul 2018

New discovery suggests potential target for treating cancers and other diseases

When cells grow and divide to ensure a biological function - such as a properly working organ - DNA must be unwound from its typical tightly packed form and copied into RNA to create proteins.

25 Jun 2018

Researchers discover protein responsible for X chromosome inactivation

Researchers have discovered that the structural protein SMCHD1 is required to prevent genes from both X chromosomes being expressed in female mammals.

7 Jun 2018

Researchers uncover unusual form of cross-talk between proteins that affect gene expression

Turning genes on and off is an intricate process involving communication between many different types of proteins that interact with DNA.

18 May 2018

LSD1 enzyme regulates skeletal muscle differentiation and metabolic activity

Our bodies convert food into energy for all life activities. These metabolic processes allow the cells that make up our bodies to produce (anabolism) and consume (catabolism) energy molecules from nutrients.

12 Apr 2018

Researcher explores how children develop immunity to malaria as they grow older

Across the world, over 200 million cases of malaria and nearly 500,000 deaths from the disease occur annually--more than 90 percent of which happen in Africa. Children in Africa can be diagnosed with malaria two or three times a year, a rate that decreases as they become older and develop immunity. But the way children generate and maintain this immunity remains a mystery.

11 Apr 2018

Stable proteins in the brain offer clues to long-term memory and learning in mice

In the tiny brain space where two nerve cells meet, chemical and electric signals shuttle back and forth, a messaging system that ebbs and flows in those synaptic spaces, sometimes in ways that scientists believe aid and abet learning and memory.

3 Apr 2018

Researchers probe RNA epigenetics and chromatin structures to predict drug resistance in leukemia

Drug resistance is a major obstacle to effective treatment for patients with cancer and leukemia. Epigenetic modifying drugs have been proven effective for some patients with hematologic malignancies, such as myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML).

23 Mar 2018

Discovery may advance stem cell therapies, gene-targeting treatments for neurological diseases

New research from Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute is among the first to describe how an mRNA modification impacts the life of neural stem cells.

24 Jan 2018

Researchers use epigenetic signatures to advance diagnosis for neurodevelopmental disorders

Greenwood Genetic Center researchers in collaboration with scientists from Canada have identified unique epigenetic signatures for nine neurodevelopmental disorders lending to a better method of diagnosis for disorders with much clinical overlap.

23 Jan 2018

Researchers find new role for SHARPIN protein in melanoma growth

Researchers at Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery and the Technion in Israel have found a new role for the SHARPIN protein. In addition to being one of three proteins in the linear ubiquitin chain assembly complex, regulating NFκB and other inflammatory molecules, SHARPIN modulates PRMT5, an epigenetic master switch that controls several proteins linked to melanoma. The research was published in The Journal of Clinical Investigation.

12 Dec 2017

Study shows how interplay between two key enzymes promotes brain tumor growth

Study results revealed previously unknown interplay between two key enzymes and a novel understanding of how brain cancer tumors form and spread, according to researchers at The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center.

6 Dec 2017

Immune-boosting drug combination may hold promise for treating ovarian cancer

Johns Hopkins Kimmel Cancer Center researchers demonstrated that mice with ovarian cancer that received drugs to reactivate dormant genes along with other drugs that activate the immune system had a greater reduction of tumor burden and significantly longer survival than those that received any of the drugs alone.

5 Dec 2017