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First-of-its-kind AI tool predicts patient response to cancer drugs at single-cell resolution

With more than 200 types of cancer and every cancer individually unique, ongoing efforts to develop precision oncology treatments remain daunting.

18 Apr 2024

Restoring insulin sensitivity without TZD side effects

Thiazolidinediones (TZDs) are a class of drug that can be used to treat type 2 diabetes by reversing insulin resistance, one of the main hallmarks of the disease.

13 Apr 2024

NIH study uncovers vulnerable sites on Epstein-Barr virus protein

Studies of interactions between two lab-generated monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) and an essential Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) protein have uncovered targets that could be exploited in designing treatments and vaccines for this extremely common virus.

12 Mar 2024

Vaginal ring and oral PrEP found to be safe for HIV prevention among pregnant cisgender women

The monthly dapivirine vaginal ring and daily oral pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) with tenofovir disoproxil fumarate and emtricitabine were each found to be safe for HIV prevention among cisgender women who started using one of them in their second trimester of pregnancy, according to findings presented today at the 2024 Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections (CROI) in Denver.

5 Mar 2024

Study shows semaglutide as a safe and effective therapy for MASLD in people with HIV

A weekly injection of semaglutide was safe and reduced the amount of fat in the liver by 31% in people with HIV and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), according to a presentation today at the 2024 Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections (CROI) in Denver.

5 Mar 2024

Maternal mRNA COVID-19 vaccination shields infants for six months

Women who receive an mRNA-based COVID-19 vaccination or booster during pregnancy can provide their infants with strong protection against symptomatic COVID-19 infection for at least six months after birth, according to a study from the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), part of the National Institutes of Health.

15 Feb 2024

Study pinpoints a protein linked to metastatic pancreatic cancer

Pancreatic cancer is the No. 3 cause of cancer-related deaths in the United States, and only 12% of patients survive five years after being diagnosed.

7 Feb 2024

Unraveling the architecture of poxvirus cores

A recent re-emergence and outbreak of Mpox brought poxviruses back as a public health threat, underlining an important knowledge gap at their core.

6 Feb 2024

Engrailed-1 protein promotes pancreatic cancer progression and metastasis

Pancreatic cancer is the No. 3 cause of cancer-related deaths in the United States, and only 12% of patients survive five years after being diagnosed.

2 Feb 2024

Machine learning unlocks personalized approach to early ovarian cancer detection

For over three decades, a highly accurate early diagnostic test for ovarian cancer has eluded physicians.

29 Jan 2024

3D-printed liver model paves way for new MASH treatments

Metabolic dysfunction- associated steatohepatitis, or MASH, is an inflammatory, liver-scarring disease that has reached epidemic proportions, with an estimated 1.5% to 6.5% of U.S. adults afflicted by the condition, and roughly 24% of adults having nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).

23 Jan 2024

Monkey study points to HIV vulnerability for vaccine attack

Three different HIV antibodies each independently protected monkeys from acquiring simian-HIV (SHIV) in a placebo-controlled proof-of-concept study intended to inform development of a preventive HIV vaccine for people.

17 Jan 2024

Inhalable point-of-care urinary diagnostic platform for early lung cancer detection

Using a new technology developed at MIT, diagnosing lung cancer could become as easy as inhaling nanoparticle sensors and then taking a urine test that reveals whether a tumor is present.

5 Jan 2024

NIAID study identifies critical T-cell function missing in prior HIV vaccine candidates

An effective HIV vaccine may need to prompt strong responses from immune cells called CD8+ T cells to protect people from acquiring HIV, according to a new study from researchers at the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), part of the National Institutes of Health, and colleagues.

14 Dec 2023

Strong antibody response and nasal cytokines may protect young children from severe COVID-19

New research helps explain why young children have lower rates of severe COVID-19 than adults. A study of infants and young children found those who acquired SARS-CoV-2 had a strong, sustained antibody response to the virus and high levels of inflammatory proteins in the nose but not in the blood.

13 Oct 2023

Researchers describe the origin and fate of liver myofibroblasts

Hepatic fibrosis occurs when scar tissue replaces damaged cells in the liver. Over time, accumulating scarring distorts the liver, interferes with its blood supply and may progressively lead to worsening consequences, from cirrhosis to liver failure to liver cancer.

28 Sep 2023

Clinical study launched to test the benefits of immune modulation for hospitalized COVID-19 patients

A clinical trial has launched to test whether early intensive immune modulation for hospitalized COVID-19 patients with relatively mild illness is beneficial.

22 Sep 2023

New trial of a preventive HIV vaccine candidate begins in the United States and South Africa

A trial of a preventive HIV vaccine candidate has begun enrollment in the United States and South Africa.

20 Sep 2023

NIH launches Phase 1 trial of new investigational universal influenza vaccine

Enrollment in a Phase 1 trial of a new investigational universal influenza vaccine candidate has begun at the National Institutes of Health's Clinical Center in Bethesda, Maryland.

15 Sep 2023

Severe COVID-19 may cause long-term changes to innate immune system

Severe COVID-19 may cause long-lasting alterations to the innate immune system, the first line of defense against pathogens, according to a small study funded by the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, part of the National Institutes of Health.

18 Aug 2023