Pathophysiology News and Research

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FDA approves fixed dose combination chemotherapy for subtypes of AML that have poor survival outcomes

The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) yesterday approved Vyxeos - a fixed dose combination chemotherapy for the treatment of adults with two types of acute myeloid leukemia (AML). The types of AML that would be treated with Vyxeos include newly diagnosed therapy-related AML (t-AML) and AML with myelodysplasia-related changes (AML-MRC). Vyxeos is a fixed-combination of the chemotherapy drugs daunorubicin and cytarabine.

3 Aug 2017

$New drug Idhifa for patients with refractory acute myeloid leukemia (AML) gets FDA nod$

New drug Idhifa for patients with refractory acute myeloid leukemia (AML) gets FDA nod

The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in a statement yesterday reported its approval for a new drug, Idhifa (enasidenib) for the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) in adults that has either relapsed or is refractory to standard chemotherapy.

2 Aug 2017

Inflammatory biomarkers may help diagnose chronic fatigue syndrome

Researchers have discovered inflammation biomarkers that could help scientists to research, diagnose and even treat chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS). Also referred to as myalgic encephomyelitis, CFS is a poorly-understood condition characterized by profound, long-term tiredness.

1 Aug 2017

New substance restores brain function in Alzheimer's animal model

The protein amyloid beta is believed to be the major cause of Alzheimer's disease. Substances that reduce the production of amyloid beta, such as BACE inhibitors, are therefore promising candidates for new drug treatments.

28 Jul 2017

Estrogen uses certain cell type as 'mediator' for beneficial effects on the bone, research shows

The female sex hormone estrogen plays an important role in the structural stability of bones. To date, however, it had been unclear exactly which cells were involved in the hormone's protective function in preventing changes in bone density.

28 Jul 2017

Cocktail of drugs for HIV patients with advanced immunosuppression reduced deaths by 27%, study shows

A study published in the New England Journal of Medicine on 20th July 2017 suggests that a cocktail of drugs, if provided at the beginning of the HIV therapy, can save over 10,000 lives per year. HIV, which is often diagnosed late, leaves people vulnerable to other diseases by ravaging the immune system.

25 Jul 2017

New partnership to advance novel airway-delivered gene therapy for treating pulmonary hypertension

Mount Sinai has partnered with Theragene Pharmaceuticals, Inc. to advance a novel airway-delivered gene therapy for treating pulmonary hypertension (PH), a form of high blood pressure in blood vessels in the lungs that is linked to heart failure.

13 Jul 2017

Researchers synthesize nanoparticles with superior antioxidant properties to treat sepsis

With an incidence of 31.5 million worldwide and a mortality of around 17%, sepsis remains the most common cause of death in hospitalized patients, even in industrialized countries where antibiotics and critical care facilities are readily available.

12 Jul 2017

UAB improves dry eye treatment with development of new guidelines and expansion of clinic

Clinical practice and research of dry eye relief in the University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Optometry is progressing with the development and release of new guidelines for diagnosis and treatment of dry eye, as well as the expansion of services offered by the UAB Dry Eye Relief Clinic.

11 Jul 2017

Researchers uncover novel mechanism of beta-blockers in preventing progression of heart failure

Beta-blocker drugs serve a key role in the treatment of heart failure, preventing bombardment of the heart by catecholamines - substances like epinephrine and norepinephrine - which overexcite and stress the heart.

4 Jul 2017

Scientists identify neurons that play crucial roles in connecting emotions and sleep

You may have experienced sleepless nights when you were anxious, stressed or too excited. Such emotions are well-known to affect wakefulness and can even cause insomnia, though the underlying mechanisms in our brain have still been unclear.

3 Jul 2017

Novel procedure to seal off lymphatic fluid leaks improves symptoms in patients with single-ventricle disease

Focusing on a rare but devastating complication in patients with single-ventricle heart disease, a research team has revealed the role of leakage from the liver's lymphatic system, and used a novel procedure to seal off those leaks and improve symptoms in patients.

29 Jun 2017

Study reveals new detailed understanding about GABA neurodevelopment in schizophrenia

New research by scientists at the University of Pittsburgh provides an unprecedented level of resolution and insight into disturbances in cortical GABAergic microcircuits, which are thought to underlie cognitive impairments in schizophrenia.

20 Jun 2017

Acetaminophen may be effective treatment option for acute mountain sickness

Trekking and mountain climbing are quickly growing in popularity, but.one of the challenges that climbers face is acute mountain sickness (AMS). Previous studies have shown that ibuprofen is an effective way to reduce the risk of AMS.

19 Jun 2017

Novartis announces data revealing efficacy of new monoclonal antibody therapy in preventing migraine

Novartis today announced that it will present 19 scientific abstracts at the 59th Annual Scientific Meeting of the American Headache Society.

8 Jun 2017

Research reveals link between POMC neurons and release of insulin by the pancreas

The brain is key in the regulation of appetite, body weight and metabolism. Specifically, there is a small group of hypothalamus neurons, called POMC, that detect and integrate signals that inform on the energy state of the organism and activate the appropriate physiological responses.

8 Jun 2017

New findings provide insights into brain mechanisms underlying alcohol addiction

The human brain functions on a delicate balance of reinforcing positive behaviors and suppressing negative ones, which takes place in the dorsal striatum, a brain region critical for goal-directed behavior and implicated in drug and alcohol addiction.

25 May 2017

Hockey players with multiple concussions may have other injuries in their brains, research reveals

The relationship between head injuries suffered during contact sport and Alzheimer's disease is now being called into question thanks to research by the Sahlgrenska Academy, which has revealed that hockey players with multiple concussions probably have other injuries in their brains.

21 Apr 2017

Scientists develop new drug that combats two ‘priority pathogens’

Scientists at St. Boniface Hospital Albrechtsen Research Centre and the University of Manitoba have developed a drug that combats 2 of the top 10 "priority pathogens" recently defined by the World Health Organization as antiobiotic-resistant bacteria requiring new interventions.

20 Apr 2017

MUSC researchers provide first systemic evidence for safe use of tPA in stroke patients with SCD

Adult patients with sickle cell disease (SCD) who experience a stroke caused by a clot (i.e., ischemic strokes or IS) can be treated safely with tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) if they qualify, report investigators at the Medical University of South Carolina and elsewhere in the March 2017 issue of Stroke.

12 Apr 2017