Chemokine News and Research

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Chemokines are a family of small cytokines, or proteins secreted by cells. Proteins are classified as chemokines according to shared structural characteristics such as small size (they are all approximately 8-10 kilodaltons in size), and the presence of four cysteine residues in conserved locations that are key to forming their 3-dimensional shape.

Mechanism of action of different COVID-19 vaccines

In a recent study posted to the bioRxiv* preprint server, researchers at the University of Tuebingen and Imperial College London assessed humoral and cellular immune responses elicited by the recombinant adenoviral vector (rAdVV)- and messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA)-based coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines.

14 Sep 2022

Antibiotics accelerate metastatic bone growth in mice with melanoma by depleting intestinal flora

The use of broad-spectrum antibiotics in mice with malignant melanoma, an aggressive form of skin cancer, accelerated their metastatic bone growth, likely because the drugs depleted the mice's intestinal flora and weakened their immune response, according to a new study by researchers at Emory University in Atlanta.

12 Sep 2022

A direct side-by-side comparison of all available COVID-19 vaccines

In a recent study posted to the medRxiv* preprint server, researchers assessed immune responses to homologous and heterologous coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine combinations among Córdoba, Spain residents.

11 Sep 2022

Licorice compounds proposed as effective candidates for treatment of COVID-19

Researchers describe the different mechanisms by which licorice active ingredients target SARS-CoV-2.

8 Sep 2022

Researchers review the epidemiology, clinical character, treatment, and prevention of human monkeypox

Researchers reviewed the epidemiology, clinical character, treatment, and prevention of human monkeypox.

8 Sep 2022

How does SARS-CoV-2 affect the male genitourinary system?

In a recent paper published in the American Journal of Clinical and Experimental Urology, researchers reviewed existing data on the effects of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infections on the male genitourinary (GU) tract.

7 Sep 2022

Study suggests loss of smell and brain inflammation are independent in COVID-19

Researchers assessed the association between neuroinvasion and anosmia observed during COVID-19.

5 Sep 2022

Chinese researchers identify a new molecular mechanism of NASH pathogenesis

Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), characterized by liver steatosis, inflammation and injury, has emerged as one of major causes for end-stage liver disease like hepatocellular carcinoma. However, what drives its progression?

25 Aug 2022

$Elevated blood levels of certain chemokine linked with higher hip fracture risk in men$

Elevated blood levels of certain chemokine linked with higher hip fracture risk in men

Bone health requires a balanced activity of various bone cell types including bone-forming osteoblasts and bone-resorbing osteoclasts.

17 Aug 2022

$Chemokines likely to be associated with the risk of osteoporotic hip fracture in older men$

Chemokines likely to be associated with the risk of osteoporotic hip fracture in older men

Bone health requires a balanced activity of various bone cell types including bone-forming osteoblasts and bone-resorbing osteoclasts. Osteoporosis occurs when osteoclasts dominate without adequate bone formation to compensate. In new research published in the Journal of Bone and Mineral Research, elevated blood levels of a certain chemokine, or small signaling protein, that promotes osteoclast formation were linked with a higher risk of hip fracture in men.

17 Aug 2022

Study suggests BA.5 evolved to induce enhanced inflammation when compared to prior Omicron subvariants

Researchers evaluated the comparative pathogenicity of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron sub-variants BA.1, BA.2, and BA.5, in vitro and in vivo.

9 Aug 2022

Alzheimer’s disease is associated with characteristic gut metabolomic signatures

Scientists review current literature associated with the role of the gut-brain axis in AD pathogenesis.

9 Aug 2022

Human intestine-on-a-chip for modeling intestinal injury associated with a pediatric inflammatory disorder

News-Medical speaks to Dr. Cicely Fadel and Amir Bein about their latest research which involved the development of an Environmental Enteric Dysfunction (EED) Chip that reveals the effects of nutrition and genetics on disease in children

8 Aug 2022

Disease progression in the rhesus macaque model upon inoculation with the Delta, Omicron BA.1, and Omicron BA.2 variants

Researchers compared the severity levels of disease caused by different SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern in the rhesus macaque model.

4 Aug 2022

A combined influenza and COVID-19 mRNA vaccine

A combined mRNA vaccine is capable of inducing broad and durable protection against co-infection with SARS-CoV-2 and IAV,

3 Aug 2022

Less efficient replication of ancestral SARS-CoV-2 in primary nasal epithelium of children

A new study revealed that the replication of the ancestral strain of SARS-CoV-2 is less efficient in nasal epithelial cells (NECs) of children.

3 Aug 2022

Novel compound inhibits SARS-CoV-2 replication by binding a genome target

Researchers assessed the biodistribution and safety of SBCoV202, a novel antiviral agent based on antisense technology that can specifically and effectively bind to the SARS-CoV-2 genome target to inhibit SARS-CoV-2 replication.

27 Jul 2022

Temporal changes in CD4 T-lymphocyte dynamics upon immunization against SARS-CoV-2 spike protein

Researchers assessed changes in CD4 T-lymphocyte temporal dynamics by evaluating T-lymphocyte responses to SARS-CoV-2 S using Foxp3-Tocky mice and Nr4a3-Tocky mice.

27 Jul 2022

Is monkeypox a global public-health emergency?

A summary of available knowledge on the monkeypox virus including pathogenicity, risk to the human population, and strategies that can help limit its spread.

20 Jul 2022

What is the association between natural killer cell dysfunction and COVID-19 disease severity?

Researchers assessed the association between natural killer cell dysfunction and COVID-19 disease severity.