Using an RCX-10 HPLC column for [18F]FDG analysis

[¹⁸F]FDG (2-[¹⁸F]fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose) is the most widely utilized radiotracer in positron emission tomography (PET). Its imaging capabilities are based on the Warburg effect, which describes the increased glucose uptake in tumor or inflamed tissues.

Image Credit: Hamilton Lab

[¹⁸F]FDG has numerous applications in the diagnosis, staging, and restaging of various clinical conditions, including colorectal cancer, lung cancer, melanoma, lymphoma, head and neck cancer, breast cancer, and brain cancer.

Beyond oncology, [¹⁸F]FDG is also employed in metabolic studies of healthy tissues in the heart, lungs, and brain.

Owing to the short half-life (109.8 minutes) of the ¹⁸F radionuclide, radiotracers such as [¹⁸F]FDG are preferably produced on-site or transported over short distances.

The increasing clinical demand for [¹⁸F]FDG has prompted many hospitals to establish their own cyclotrons and facilities for radiotracer synthesis. There is also need for rapid and reliable on-site quality control methods for [¹⁸F]FDG.

Prior to the release of each batch for clinical use, thorough analysis for chemical and radiochemical purity must be conducted in accordance with Pharmacopeial regulations.

Compendial methods employ High Performance Anion-Exchange Chromatography (HPAEC) with Pulsed Amperometric Detection (PAD) and a radioactivity detector for this analysis.

Chromatographic runs are conducted under isocratic conditions, utilizing a suitable anion exchange resin to separate the carbohydrates and impurities of interest.

The strongly basic mobile phase employed during these analyses facilitates the conversion of weakly acidic sugars into anions, which are subsequently retained on the positively charged resin (quaternary ammonium salt) within the column.

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Acknowledgments

Produced from material originally authored by Adam Tillo from Örebro University Hospital.

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