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Study: Effect of diabetes medication can be blocked by a molecule from gut bacteria

The action of metformin, the classic drug used to treat diabetes by stabilizing blood sugar, can be blocked by a molecule from the bacteria in our intestines, a University of Gothenburg study shows.

11 Nov 2020

Study: Sleep loss hijacks the brain's ability to unlearn fear-related memories

Sleep is crucial for consolidating our memories, and sleep deprivation has long been known to interfere with learning and memory.

11 Nov 2020

Synthetic protein nanoparticle may treat aggressive brain cancer

A new synthetic protein nanoparticle capable of slipping past the nearly impermeable blood-brain barrier in mice could deliver cancer-killing drugs directly to malignant brain tumors, new research from the University of Michigan shows.

11 Nov 2020

Gene signature may help develop new therapies against advanced prostate cancer

Researchers have identified a genetic signature in localized prostate cancer that can predict whether the cancer is likely to spread, or metastasize, early in the course of the disease and whether it will respond to anti-androgen therapy, a common treatment for advanced disease.

11 Nov 2020

Study may lead to new therapies that accelerate removal of cellular debris from the brain

Microglia -- the brain's immune cells -- play a primary role in removing cellular debris from the brain. According to a recent study by a Nagoya University-led research team in Japan, another kind of brain cell, called astrocyte, is also involved in removing debris as a backup to microglia.

11 Nov 2020

Study: SphK2 enzyme regulates immune cell responses during viral infection

Viruses such as HIV, hepatitis B and hepatitis C evade or disrupt the immune system to create persistent infections.

11 Nov 2020

Underrepresented minorities are at increased risk for AL amyloidosis

Despite being theoretically at an increased risk for AL amyloidosis, underrepresented minorities make up only a small percentage of patients seen at specialized treatment centers for this disease.

11 Nov 2020

Optical technique could transform accuracy and detection of biomechanical alterations of cells

Scientists have developed an optical elastography technique that could revolutionize the accuracy and ease to which health professionals can detect biomechanical alterations of cells and tissues.

11 Nov 2020

Dietary induction of hepatocyte regeneration may be a viable strategy to enhance gene repair

Use of thyroid hormone to boost hepatocyte proliferation enhanced the efficiency of CRISPR/Cas9-mediated gene correction in the mouse liver.

11 Nov 2020

Preliminary analysis of xenograft versus organoids

The observance of Lung Cancer Awareness Month in November affords an opportunity to take stock of current approaches to lung cancer research, and to cancer research more widely.

11 Nov 2020

A promising vaccine for treating poorly immunogenic tumors

Patients with cancer have multiple treatment options available to them today, but each has its drawbacks. Chemotherapy kills rapidly dividing cancer cells, but it also damages healthy cells in the body and often does not effectively prevent tumor metastasis or disease recurrence.

11 Nov 2020

How SARS-CoV-2 blocks immune response

An international research team has confirmed the mechanism by which the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Their article titled, “SARS-CoV-2 Orf6 hijacks Nup98 to block STAT nuclear import and antagonize interferon signaling,” is published in the journal Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.

11 Nov 2020

Promising new antivirals target arboviruses and SARS-CoV-2: Nodosome inhibitors

A new study describes two promising small molecules that inhibit a host cell factor, called nucleotide binding oligomerization domain-containing protein 2 (NOD2), that inhibits the replication and spread of many arboviruses. This could lead to the development of broad-spectrum antivirals. The study's findings have been published on the preprint server bioRxiv*.

10 Nov 2020

Lowest risk for autism associated with mid-levels of immune marker measured at birth

The causes of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) - including genetic and environmental factors - are not entirely understood. Many studies have already shown that serious maternal infection during pregnancy is associated with increased risk for offspring in both people and animals.

10 Nov 2020

Novel super-activating macrophage receptor could explain hyper-inflammation in severe COVID-19

Immunity is a curious thing. While essential in protecting the body against invading pathogens and foreign antigens, it can also turn against the body and trigger destructive immunological processes. A new study published on the preprint server bioRxiv* in November 2020 reports on the role played by hyperactive macrophages in a range of acute and chronic hyper-inflammatory conditions.

10 Nov 2020

Researchers uncover new 'hidden' gene in SARS-CoV-2

Researchers have discovered a new "hidden" gene in SARS-CoV-2--the virus that causes COVID-19--that may have contributed to its unique biology and pandemic potential.

10 Nov 2020

SARS-CoV-2 RNA genome structure reveals potential targets for development of drugs

The SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus RNA genome structure was studied in detail by researchers from the University of Groningen, the International Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology in Warsaw, and Leiden University.

10 Nov 2020

SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein optimized for conditions present in human airways

Researchers from Belgium and Germany demonstrated how the spike glycoprotein of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is fine-tuned towards the temperature and protease conditions of the human airways, which in turn enhances viral transmission and subsequent pathology. Their study is available on the bioRxiv* preprint server.

10 Nov 2020

Study uncovers mechanisms behind premature menopause's link to cardiovascular disease

Menopause that occurs before a woman is 40 years old accelerates aging and is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease.

10 Nov 2020

Semi-automated approach accelerates artificial organoid growth and selection

The method currently used to produce stem cell-derived tissues has a very limited throughput. By semi-automating tissue differentiation, researchers from MIPT and Harvard have made the process nearly four times faster, without compromising on quality.

10 Nov 2020

Cell News and Research

Study: Effect of diabetes medication can be blocked by a molecule from gut bacteria

Study: Sleep loss hijacks the brain's ability to unlearn fear-related memories

Synthetic protein nanoparticle may treat aggressive brain cancer

Gene signature may help develop new therapies against advanced prostate cancer

Study may lead to new therapies that accelerate removal of cellular debris from the brain

Study: SphK2 enzyme regulates immune cell responses during viral infection

Underrepresented minorities are at increased risk for AL amyloidosis

Optical technique could transform accuracy and detection of biomechanical alterations of cells

Dietary induction of hepatocyte regeneration may be a viable strategy to enhance gene repair

Preliminary analysis of xenograft versus organoids

A promising vaccine for treating poorly immunogenic tumors

How SARS-CoV-2 blocks immune response

Promising new antivirals target arboviruses and SARS-CoV-2: Nodosome inhibitors

Lowest risk for autism associated with mid-levels of immune marker measured at birth

Novel super-activating macrophage receptor could explain hyper-inflammation in severe COVID-19

Researchers uncover new 'hidden' gene in SARS-CoV-2

SARS-CoV-2 RNA genome structure reveals potential targets for development of drugs

SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein optimized for conditions present in human airways

Study uncovers mechanisms behind premature menopause's link to cardiovascular disease

Semi-automated approach accelerates artificial organoid growth and selection

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