Neurons News and Research

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Nutritional approaches targeting gut microbiome could improve brain disorders

A new review published in the Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care journal focused on studies that utilized the dietary gut microbiota–target interventions to improve mental health conditions. It also discussed some suggestions for developing more robust and informative interventions for diet–microbiome studies.

15 Sep 2022

Scientists develop and test a new model of traumatic brain injury in zebrafish

A group of scientists, which included researchers from the Ural Federal University (UrFU), have developed and successfully tested a new model of traumatic brain injury (TBI) in zebrafish.

15 Sep 2022

Exercise hormone irisin blocks Parkinson's-associated α-synuclein aggregation and related neuronal toxicity

A new paper discusses the hope held out by recent results on a compound called irisin, a short protein secreted by skeletal muscle that produces some exercise-related effects on the brain.

15 Sep 2022

Study reveals cellular underpinnings of motor memory acquisition and consolidation

When you are first learning how to ride a bicycle or play a musical instrument, your physical movements are uncoordinated at best.

14 Sep 2022

Treating the cerebrospinal fluid to protect the brain from chemotherapy's toxic effects

Up to three quarters of patients receiving cancer chemotherapy suffer from "chemo brain" - a long-term side effect that makes it harder to remember things, maintain attention, and learn new information. When it strikes children, whose brains are still developing, their schoolwork and self-esteem may suffer.

13 Sep 2022

Brain organoids shed light into the evolution of the human brain

Animal studies on great apes have long been banned in Europe for ethical reasons. For the question pursued here, so-called organoids, i.e. three-dimensional cell structures a few millimeters in size that are grown in the laboratory, are an alternative to animal experiments.

13 Sep 2022

Age-related changes in microbiome composition affects brain macrophages

Scientists review the impact of age-related gut microbiome composition on age-associated diseases caused by dysfunctional macrophages within the brain.

13 Sep 2022

Neuroscientists reveal precise connections between retinal nerve cells and the midbrain structure

For the first time, neuroscientists from Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin and the Max Planck Institute for Biological Intelligence (currently in the process of being established) have revealed the precise connections between sensory neurons inside the retina and the superior colliculus, a structure in the midbrain.

12 Sep 2022

Exercise hormone reduces protein levels linked to Parkinson's disease

Researchers from Johns Hopkins Medicine and the Dana Farber Cancer Institute in Boston have shown that a hormone secreted into the blood during endurance, or aerobic, exercise reduces levels of a protein linked to Parkinson's disease and halts movement problems in mice.

12 Sep 2022

Role of the transketolase-like 1 gene in the development of the modern human brain

In a new study, researchers demonstrated how transketolase-like 1 (TKTL1) gene expression influenced neocortical neurogenesis in modern humans.

12 Sep 2022

Study reveals gut-brain circuits drive cravings for fatty foods

In a recent study published in the journal Nature, researchers explored the neural basis for fat preference and identified receptors and neuronal elements mediating its development.

11 Sep 2022

Jumping gene plays an important role in reducing depression, fear, and anxiety

First characterized in Prof. Tadashi Yamamoto's former lab in Japan in 1996, the gene Tob is well known for the role it plays in cancer. Previous research has also indicated that it has a hand in regulating the cell cycle and the body's immune response.

9 Sep 2022

Study helps understand how dietary therapies work for epilepsy

Calorie restriction has long been associated with reduced seizures in epilepsy. New research from Boston Children's Hospital helps explain how fasting affects neurons in the brain and could lead the way to new approaches that would avoid the need for fasting or restrictive diets. The findings were published August 30 in the journal Cell Reports.

9 Sep 2022

Single amino acid change in TKTL1 protein underlies greater neuron production in modern humans than Neandertals

Researchers from Dresden uncover a greater neuron production in the frontal lobe during brain development in modern humans than Neandertals, due to the change of a single amino acid in the protein TKTL1.

9 Sep 2022

A single genomic change may have given modern humans an advantage over Neanderthals

A single amino acid change in the transketolase-like 1 (TKTL1) protein may have given modern humans an advantage over more ancient contemporaries like Neanderthals by enabling increased neocortical neurogenesis, researchers report.

9 Sep 2022

Study provides some important new clues to age-related memory decline

One of the most upsetting aspects of age-related memory decline is not being able to remember the face that accompanies the name of a person you just talked with hours earlier.

8 Sep 2022

Study establishes link between Piezo1 and intracellular cholesterol levels during neural development

A new University of California, Irvine-led study reveals how mechanical forces and tissue mechanics influence the morphology of the developing brain, and establishes a direct link in neural stem cells between Piezo1, a mechanically-activated ion channel, and intracellular cholesterol levels during neural development.

8 Sep 2022

How a key brain network responds to seasonal shifts in day length

A recent paper examined the difference in neuronal communication in the hypothalamic network that regulates physiological function in response to the photoperiod.

8 Sep 2022

Clock gene-dependent glutamate signaling responsible for seasonal regulation of reproduction in bean bugs

Did you know that not only does organism's body have a biological clock that can tell the time of the day, it can also tell the time of the year? Now, researchers from Japan have found that one capable little molecule may be behind the mechanism by which the biological clock keeps track of the seasons.

6 Sep 2022

Single-cell Stereo-seq reveals new insights into axolotl brain regeneration

The axolotl Ambystoma mexicanum is a popular pet due to its unique and cute appearance. Unlike other salamanders undergoing metamorphosis, axolotls (pronounced ACK-suh-LAH-tuhl) never outgrow their larval, juvenile stage, a phenomenon called neoteny.

6 Sep 2022

Neurons News and Research

Nutritional approaches targeting gut microbiome could improve brain disorders

Scientists develop and test a new model of traumatic brain injury in zebrafish

Exercise hormone irisin blocks Parkinson's-associated α-synuclein aggregation and related neuronal toxicity

Study reveals cellular underpinnings of motor memory acquisition and consolidation

Treating the cerebrospinal fluid to protect the brain from chemotherapy's toxic effects

Brain organoids shed light into the evolution of the human brain

Age-related changes in microbiome composition affects brain macrophages

Neuroscientists reveal precise connections between retinal nerve cells and the midbrain structure

Exercise hormone reduces protein levels linked to Parkinson's disease

Role of the transketolase-like 1 gene in the development of the modern human brain

Study reveals gut-brain circuits drive cravings for fatty foods

Jumping gene plays an important role in reducing depression, fear, and anxiety

Study helps understand how dietary therapies work for epilepsy

Single amino acid change in TKTL1 protein underlies greater neuron production in modern humans than Neandertals

A single genomic change may have given modern humans an advantage over Neanderthals

Study provides some important new clues to age-related memory decline

Study establishes link between Piezo1 and intracellular cholesterol levels during neural development

How a key brain network responds to seasonal shifts in day length

Clock gene-dependent glutamate signaling responsible for seasonal regulation of reproduction in bean bugs

Single-cell Stereo-seq reveals new insights into axolotl brain regeneration

Human iPSCs: A Full Guide to Advanced in Vitro Models and Applications eBook

Bringing real-time analytics to downstream bioprocess monitoring

Designing fluidic architecture for scalable diagnostic platforms

Evaluating new approaches for rare disease genomics

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