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Patients with high-risk melanoma benefit from immunotherapy prior to surgery

Patients with high-risk melanoma who received the immunotherapy drug pembrolizumab both before and after surgery to remove cancerous tissue had a significantly lower risk of their cancer recurring than similar patients who received the drug only after surgery.

12 Sep 2022

Children become more skeptical of what adults tell them, study says

Children learn on their own through observation and experimentation. They also learn from what other people tell them, especially adults and authority figures like their parents and teachers. When children learn something surprising, they seek out additional information by asking questions or by testing claims. Prior research shows that whether children explore adults' surprising claims varies by age, with children over six years of age more likely to seek out additional information than four- and five-year-olds.

12 Sep 2022

Interferon response induced by Omicron BA.1 and BA.5 prevents influenza A infection

In a recent study posted to the bioRxiv* preprint server, researchers in Germany and the United Kingdom investigated the interferon responses induced by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Delta variant and SARS-CoV-2 Omicron sub-variants BA.1 and BA.5, and their efficacy in protecting cells from influenza A virus super-infection.

12 Sep 2022

Study shortlists potential drug repurposing candidates to treat symptoms in ASD

Can you teach an old drug new tricks? Although drug treatments for the core symptoms of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are not currently available, could an existing drug provide a new treatment, even if it previously had no association with ASD? This was the question asked by a new study in the journal Frontiers in Pharmacology. The researchers used a computer model that encompasses proteins involved in ASD and the way they interact.

12 Sep 2022

Novel tests detect common cancer signals across over 50 types of cancer

Cancer doctors, care providers and payers need to get ready for a major shift in early cancer detection that will affect almost every stage of cancer diagnosis and treatment. New data supporting the accuracy of multi-cancer early detection (MCED) blood testing (1), presented at the ESMO Congress 2022, have major implications for future cancer care provision, said Fabrice André, ESMO 2022 Scientific Co-Chair.

12 Sep 2022

Self-replicating intradermal RNA vaccine against SARS-CoV-2

In a recent study posted to the bioRxiv* preprint server, researchers assessed the efficiency of a controllable self-replicating ribonucleic acid (c-srRNA) vaccine against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2).

12 Sep 2022

Minimally invasive procedure enables patients to be out of the hospital within a few days

Minimally invasive, catheter-based transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) has revolutionized treatment of aortic stenosis (AS), and both American and European guidelines have approved its use. However, there is a perception that TAVR is more expensive than surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR). A budget impact analysis comparing the two options now shows that TAVR is an affordable and effective strategy for the treatment of AS. The study appears in the Canadian Journal of Cardiology, published by Elsevier.

12 Sep 2022

Semaglutide appears to be an effective medication for treating obesity, study says

The risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D) is more than halved by weekly injections of new obesity drug semaglutide, according to new research being presented at the annual meeting of the European Association for the Study of Diabetes (EASD) in Stockholm, Sweden (19-23 Sept).

12 Sep 2022

Vaccinia virus-based vaccines mount a robust immune response against the monkeypox virus

New research has suggested that recommended vaccinia virus (VACV)-based vaccines will mount a robust immune response against the monkeypox virus observed in the current outbreak (MPXV-2022).

12 Sep 2022

Pre-existing psychological distress increases risk of long-COVID

In a recent study published in the Journal of American Medical Association (JAMA) Psychiatry, researchers investigated the association of psychological distress before coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) with the risk of post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 (PASC).

12 Sep 2022

Many neurocognitive benefits conferred on children born to mothers who eat fish

In a recent study published in the Neurotoxicology journal, researchers explored the benefits of fish consumption in pregnant women.

12 Sep 2022

Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes therapy treats cancers at a large scale

A novel treatment strategy with personalized cell therapy significantly improves progression-free survival compared to standard immunotherapy in patients with advanced melanoma, according to ground-breaking results reported at the ESMO Congress 2022 from the phase 3 M14TIL trial.

12 Sep 2022

Pollutant particles in the air trigger lung cancer in non-smokers

A new mechanism has been identified through which very small pollutant particles in the air may trigger lung cancer in people who have never smoked, paving the way to new prevention approaches and development of therapies, according to late-breaking data [to be] reported at the ESMO Congress 2022 by scientists of the Francis Crick Institute and University College London, funded by Cancer Research UK. The particles, which are typically found in vehicle exhaust and smoke from fossil fuels, are associated with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) risk, accounting for over 250,000 lung cancer deaths globally per year.

12 Sep 2022

Brain injury a common consequence of both COVID-19 and influenza

In a recent study published in the journal Brain, researchers reported that brain injury is common in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and influenza.

12 Sep 2022

Tumor-derived factors stimulate effector trogocytosis and inhibit CAR T cells

The immune system is equipped to respond not just to external invaders - think viruses, bacteria, and parasites - but also to internal threats, namely, cancer. Yet, frequently, malignancies overcome the immune system's defenses and evade detection.

12 Sep 2022

A direct side-by-side comparison of all available COVID-19 vaccines

In a recent study posted to the medRxiv* preprint server, researchers assessed immune responses to homologous and heterologous coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine combinations among Córdoba, Spain residents.

11 Sep 2022

Antibody escape less pronounced with BA.2.75 compared to BA.4/5

In a recent study published in the Lancet, researchers evaluated the antibody neutralization sensitivity of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Omicron BA.2.75 subvariant.

11 Sep 2022

Discovery of antibodies that may eliminate the need for COVID vaccines

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11 Sep 2022

Study reveals gut-brain circuits drive cravings for fatty foods

In a recent study published in the journal Nature, researchers explored the neural basis for fat preference and identified receptors and neuronal elements mediating its development.

11 Sep 2022

Climate change has increased the risk of bat-borne pathogen spillover

In a recent study posted to the bioRxiv* preprint server, researchers retrospectively assessed the association between climate change and disease spillover risks triggered by bat distribution changes based on historical climate and vampire-bat occurrence data for the previous century (1900-2020).

11 Sep 2022