This article conflates cognitive distortions with intrusive thoughts. Cognitive distortions are exaggerated conclusions about an individual and his/her circumstances that are not supported by external evidence, though they do not rise to the loss of contact with reality that accompanies delusions. Intrusive thoughts are unwanted thoughts or images that an individual finds distressing and/or disturbing. These unwanted thoughts are known as obsessions. While cognitive distortions may perpetuate or worsen depression and anxiety symptoms, they are not the cause of clinical depression or anxiety. These conditions are neurobiological and frequently require a combination of medication and therapy. When treating anxiety and depression, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, in which an individual challenges cognitive distortions, can be enormously beneficial, but may not be adequate to alleviate symptoms entirely.