Most medical studies are unusually one sided. They also tend not to check facts like it wasn't the homeowners gun used and cherry pick data high crime areas used. They also do not take into account the estimated 1-2.5 million self defense uses per year where in most cases the firearm is not even fired. Kleck's study found a much higher value to the positive use of the firearms and it has been reviewed and proven to be highly accurate by both sides pro and anti gun people.