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Thalamus controls development of normal sleep and waking states, study finds

Consciousness requires continuous, internally generated activity in the brain. The modulation of this activity is the basis of the electroencephalogram (EEG) and of generation of sleep, dreams, and perception.

12 Oct 2018

Two major studies on canine cancers may provide clues on human cancers

Two studies into deadly cancers in dogs are now underway, offered through the newly formed Clinical Trials Office at Cummings Veterinary Medical Center at Tufts University. Dogs with spontaneous osteosarcoma, as well as dogs with mast cell tumors and solid tumors, may be eligible for enrollment.

12 Oct 2018

Research holds promise for treatment of pediatric brain cancer

New research published in Nature Communications from scientists at Huntsman Cancer Institute at the University of Utah, in collaboration with the Stanford University School of Medicine, shows a specific protein regulates both the initiation of cancer spreading and the self-renewal of cancer cells in medulloblastoma, a type of pediatric brain cancer.

12 Oct 2018

Rapid inactivation of MRSA superbugs using a simple LED array

Purdue University researchers are testing whether a light-active version of heme, the molecule responsible for transporting oxygen in blood circulation, may help people infected with MRSA.

12 Oct 2018

Scientists find new way to help asthmatics breathe more easily

Around the globe, an estimated 235 million people suffer from asthma. Most people are able to manage their symptoms and live healthy, active lives. However, for some, current treatments are not effective. Managing symptoms can be difficult because triggers are lurking everywhere.

12 Oct 2018

Cornell dots equipped with antibody fragments offer a new cancer weapon

Antibody-based imaging of a particularly aggressive form of breast cancer is undergoing clinical trials worldwide, but the path from trial to application is being hampered by a major obstacle: safety.

12 Oct 2018

FDA approves novel molecular-based assay to help determine blood compatibility

The U.S. Food and Drug Administration today approved ID CORE XT, a molecular-based assay used in blood transfusion medicine to help determine blood compatibility.

11 Oct 2018

Ritual for orthodox Jewish men may offer cardiovascular health benefits, study suggests

A pilot study led by researchers at the University of Cincinnati College of Medicine suggests Jewish men who practice wearing tefillin, which involves the tight wrapping of an arm with leather banding as part of daily prayer, may receive cardiovascular health benefits.

11 Oct 2018

Researchers identify effective ketamine dosage levels for patients with treatment-resistant depression

A study led by Massachusetts General Hospital investigators identifies two subanesthetic dosage levels of the anesthetic drug ketamine that appear to provide significant symptom relief to patients with treatment-resistant depression.

11 Oct 2018

Gut microbiota could play greater role in pathogenesis of MS than previously thought

In multiple sclerosis, a defective response of the body’s own immune system leads to brain tissue damage. Gastrointestinal microbiota could play a far greater role in the pathogenesis of the disease than previously assumed, researchers at the University of Zurich have now found.

11 Oct 2018

Low levels of cellular copper may make fat cells fatter

In studies of mouse cells, Johns Hopkins researchers have found that low levels of cellular copper appear to make fat cells fatter by altering how cells process their main metabolic fuels, such as fat and sugar.

11 Oct 2018

Network of doctors identify the cause of 31 new conditions

A network of hundreds of doctors has uncovered the biological characteristics of 31 previously unknown diseases and provided diagnoses for many unsolved cases.

11 Oct 2018

Impact of sleep on women’s cardiovascular health

Jason Carter, associate vice president for research development and professor of kinesiology and integrative physiology, is speaking at the 2018 National Institute of Health Heart, Lung and Blood Institute Research Conference on Sleep and the Health of Women in Bethesda, Maryland.

11 Oct 2018

A new way to create customized mouse models for studying brain development

Scientists studying how genetics impact brain disease have long sought a better experimental model. Cultures of genetically-modified cell lines can reveal some clues to how certain genes influence the development of psychiatric disorders and brain cancers.

11 Oct 2018

Top journal publishes special issue on deep learning for drug discovery and biomarker development

While the many concepts in artificial intelligence date back to the 20th century, the revolution in deep learning started around 2014-2015 when AI systems started outperforming humans in many tasks ranging from video games and image recognition to autonomous driving.

11 Oct 2018

Dartmouth researchers receive grant to study acute kidney injury

Over two million people in the United States undergo cardiac catheterization each year. While the procedure is used effectively for both diagnostic and interventional purposes, it is not without risk: Acute kidney injury (AKI) occurs in up to 14 percent of all patients following a cardiac catheterization and up to 50 percent in patients with pre-existing kidney disease.

11 Oct 2018

Common gene variants linked to migraine risk in African-American children

Pediatric researchers have discovered common gene variants associated with migraines in African-American children.

11 Oct 2018

Study shows that one amino acid may produce short-term lowering of glucose levels

Type 2 diabetes is driven by many metabolic pathways, with some pathways driven by amino acids, the molecular building blocks for proteins.

11 Oct 2018

Researchers unravel fresh clues as to how kidney stones form

Kidney stones--solid, pebble-like grit that forms when too much of certain minerals like calcium are in the urine--can strike men, women, and increasingly, children, and the presence and pain of stones afflicts more than 12 percent of the world's population.

11 Oct 2018

Color-changing contact lens could help doctors to monitor eye disease medications

For all the good they do, eye drops and ointments have one major drawback: It's hard to tell how much of the medication is actually getting to the eye.

11 Oct 2018