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Acquired immune deficiency syndrome or acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is a disease of the human immune system caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).

IDSA guidelines: Review by ID physician improves outcomes for outpatient parenteral antimicrobial therapy

Before patients receive intravenous antimicrobial infusion therapy outside of the hospital - whether at home, a doctor's office or a skilled nursing facility - an infectious diseases specialist should review the order to ensure the most appropriate treatment, suggest updated guidelines released by the Infectious Diseases Society of America.

14 Nov 2018

An underused strategy for surge in STDs: Treat patients’ partners without a doctor visit

If patients return to Dr. Crystal Bowe soon after taking medication for a sexually transmitted infection, she usually knows the reason: Their partners have re-infected them.

13 Nov 2018

New study does not support hypertensive effect from urate elevation

A study from a group of Massachusetts General Hospital investigators may reduce the concern that elevating levels of urate, an approach being investigated to treat several neurodegenerative disorders, could increase the risk of hypertension.

8 Nov 2018

ECDC study estimates burden of infections caused by antibiotic-resistant bacteria

An ECDC study estimates the burden of five types of infections caused by antibiotic-resistant bacteria of public health concern in the European Union and in the European Economic Area.

6 Nov 2018

Investigational drug targeting the opioid system may help reduce symptoms of major depression

Two clinical trials of an investigational drug that targets the opioid system support its safety and effectiveness in reducing symptoms of major depression, when added to standard antidepressant treatment.

29 Oct 2018

New approach may lead to protective vaccines for immunocompromised patients

A study led by Som Nanjappa at the University of Illinois College of Veterinary Medicine identifies a cellular target that may improve efficacy in vaccines designed to protect immunocompromised individuals from potentially deadly opportunistic infections.

26 Oct 2018

New diagnostic platform simultaneously screens for all known pathogenic bacteria

Scientists at the Center for Infection and Immunity in the Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health have developed the first diagnostic platform that can simultaneously screen for all known human pathogenic bacteria as well as markers for virulence and antibiotic resistance.

23 Oct 2018

HIV-infected Hispanics at higher risk of developing HPV-related cancers, finds study

A new study reveals that Hispanic HIV-infected adults in the United States are at a higher risk of developing cancers caused by the human papillomavirus than Hispanics from the general population.

22 Oct 2018

Targeting immune checkpoints in microglia could reduce out-of-control neuroinflammation

A group of Massachusetts General Hospital investigators is proposing that targeting immune checkpoints - molecules that regulate the activity of the immune system - in immune cells called microglia could reduce the inflammatory aspects of important neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.

17 Oct 2018

Researchers identify effective ketamine dosage levels for patients with treatment-resistant depression

A study led by Massachusetts General Hospital investigators identifies two subanesthetic dosage levels of the anesthetic drug ketamine that appear to provide significant symptom relief to patients with treatment-resistant depression.

11 Oct 2018

CDC’s Systemic Review analyzes HIV-related stigma among US healthcare providers

A Systemic Review from the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention analyzed studies of HIV-related stigma among healthcare provider and identified three main themes: attitudes, beliefs, and behaviors; quality of patient care; and education and training.

10 Oct 2018

UIC receives grant to reduce sexually transmitted infections among South African women

The University of Illinois at Chicago is one of eight universities awarded funding by the National Institutes of Health to prevent and treat sexually transmitted infections, including HIV, among adolescents and young adults in Africa and Brazil.

5 Oct 2018

Research offers insight into how to create and manage scientific advisory committees effectively

At a time of "fake news" and a growing mistrust of scientific experts, researchers at York University's Global Strategy Lab are working to increase the likelihood that policy decisions will be informed by the best available science.

29 Sep 2018

Microglia lead to increased neuro-inflammation in fibromyalgia patients, finds study

A study by Massachusetts General Hospital researchers - collaborating with a team at the Karolinska Institutet in Sweden - has documented for the first time widespread inflammation in the brains of patients with the poorly understood condition called fibromyalgia.

28 Sep 2018

Olfactory cells could act as 'Trojan horse,' delivering anticancer therapy to dangerous brain tumors

A special type of cell essential to the ability of olfactory neurons to regenerate may be genetically engineered to deliver anticancer therapy to the dangerous brain tumors called glioblastomas.

27 Sep 2018

NIAID releases strategic plan to expand knowledge of TB by using modern tools

Tuberculosis (TB) is the leading infectious cause of death worldwide, killing roughly 1.6 million people in 2017. In the past 200 years, TB claimed the lives of more than one billion people--more deaths than from malaria, influenza, smallpox, HIV/AIDS, cholera and plague combined.

27 Sep 2018

Urine exRNA may be source of biomarkers for muscular dystrophy

Massachusetts General Hospital researchers have found that extracellular RNA in urine may be a source of biomarkers for the two most common forms of muscular dystrophy, noninvasively providing information about whether therapeutic drugs are having the desired effects on a molecular level.

26 Sep 2018

‘Trouble Brewing’ report highlights steps that governments can take to reduce alcohol-related harms

Alcohol is a leading contributor to death and disability worldwide, but governments haven’t responded to the issue with the attention, resources and action this urgent issue requires, says “Trouble Brewing,” a new report from global health and development organizations, Vital Strategies, the NCD Alliance, IOGT International and the Global Alcohol Policy Alliance.

25 Sep 2018

Charity urges government to increase financial support for dementia research

Alzheimer’s Research UK, one of the top dementia research funders in the world, is calling on the UK government to adopt a bold new action plan to bring about a life-changing dementia treatment and improve the lives of people with the condition.