Genes News and Research

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Study provides insight into fitness effects of genomic structural variants in natural populations

Molecular geneticists have known for about a decade that genomic structural variants can play important roles in the adaptation and speciation of both plants and animals, but their overall influence on the fitness of plant populations is poorly understood.

16 Aug 2021

Hedgehog-signaling inhibitor may shift tumor-associated macrophages back to cancer fighters

A form of cell communication called hedgehog signaling is vital for embryonic development in mammals.

16 Aug 2021

Small protein prevents immune system from destroying pancreatic cells in type 1 diabetes-prone mice

A new study has shown that treating type 1 diabetes-prone mice with the small protein MOTS-c prevented the immune system from destroying insulin-producing pancreatic cells, effectively preventing the onset of the autoimmune disease.

16 Aug 2021

UH researcher set to explore how testosterone works in the brain

Most people have some idea about the hormone testosterone –how it regulates male behavior or how too little of it might cause a decrease in libido and too much might cause aggressive and irritable behavior. Turns out, no one yet knows how testosterone really does all that.

16 Aug 2021

Researchers assess the genetic features of T-cell immunity development to SARS-CoV-2 variants

The continuing emergence of new SARS-CoV-2 mutations allows the virus to spread more effectively and evade antibodies. However, it is unclear whether new strains are capable of evading T-cell immunity - one of the body's main lines of defense against COVID-19.

16 Aug 2021

Certain intestinal bacteria induce cross-reactive IgA responses to the SARS-CoV-2 spike RBD

A new study finds that human gut bacteria can induce antibodies of the immunoglobulin A (IgA) subtype that cross-react with the SARS-CoV-2 spike RBD.

15 Aug 2021

Study tracks microbial population dynamics under prolonged starvation

A study of microbial populations under a prolonged period of starvation by Indiana University professor Jay T. Lennon and his laboratory could help researchers answer questions pertaining to chronic infections, the functioning of bacteria in the environment and the persistence of life itself.

14 Aug 2021

Simple roundworm may hold the key to understanding cell death processes

A biologist at The University of Texas at Arlington hopes that a simple roundworm might hold the key to understanding novel cell death processes. Such knowledge could lead to improved therapies to treat a variety of conditions in humans, including cancer and neurological injuries.

14 Aug 2021

Enzyme acts as a sensor to find the hiding spots of viruses

While some types of RNA viruses cloak themselves to hide inside a cell and create copies of themselves, a "detective enzyme" might be attuned to their whereabouts. A slight variation in their genomic code gives some people's cells the capacity to produce this sensor.

14 Aug 2021

Understanding how to regulate key enzyme may lead to new treatments for cancers, viral infections

A new study led by University of California, Irvine (UCI) researchers identifies two ways in which APOBEC3A - a vital enzyme that is responsible for genetic changes resulting in a variety of cancers while protecting our cells against viral infection - is controlled.

13 Aug 2021

Structure of BRCA2 protein complex critical for DNA repair solved

The initials BRCA2 may be best known for a gene associated with many cases of breast cancer, and the protein encoded by the BRCA2 gene is critical to repairing breaks in DNA.

13 Aug 2021

Specific leukemia gene mutations exert divergent effects on DNA repair and sensitivity to PARP Inhibitors

In a recent study published in Cancer Research, researchers from Fels Cancer Institute for Personalized Medicine at the Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University and Fox Chase Cancer Center identified specific leukemia gene mutations and the mechanisms by which they regulate DNA repair and respond to PARP inhibitors.

13 Aug 2021

Study uncovers a subset of human short introns spliced out by a distinct mechanism

The interrupted non-coding regions in pre-mRNAs, termed “introns,” are excised by “splicing” to generate mature coding mRNAs that are translated into proteins.

13 Aug 2021

Researchers identify genetic program in fruit fly that protects neurons from degeneration

Researchers at the University of Bonn have identified a previously unknown genetic program in the fruit fly. The genetic material involved controls the development of the neurons while also protecting them from degeneration.

13 Aug 2021

Discovery of highly potent neutralizing monoclonal antibodies against SARS-CoV-2

A new study published in the journal Nature Communications has reported two neutralizing antibodies, namely, nCoVmab1 and nCoVmab2, which are potent against SARS-CoV-2.

13 Aug 2021

How replication and recombination contribute to emergence of SARS-CoV-2 variants

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has been caused by the rapid outbreak of a novel coronavirus, namely, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). SARS-CoV-2 was first reported in late December 2019 in Wuhan, China. Since then, the virus has already claimed more than 4.3 million lives worldwide.

13 Aug 2021

Study highlights the significance of screening for pre-cancerous Barrett’s esophagus

Abnormal cells that go on develop into oesophageal cancer – cancer that affects the tube connecting the mouth and stomach – start life as cells of the stomach, according to scientists at the University of Cambridge.

13 Aug 2021

Researchers discover how PARP inhibitors selectively kill BRCA-mutant cancer cells

A team of Massachusetts General Hospital researchers has discovered how an important class of anti-cancer drugs called PARP inhibitors works, a finding that could help improve treatment and prolong survival for patients with breast cancer and other malignancies.

12 Aug 2021

Scientists find clues to how a specific synapse type regulates anxiety-like behavior

The mechanisms behind the organization of neuronal synapses remain unclear owing to the sheer number of genes, proteins, and neuron types involved.

12 Aug 2021

Immunotherapy pairs ultrasound with immune cells to destroy tumors without toxic side effects

Bioengineers at the University of California San Diego have developed a cancer immunotherapy that pairs ultrasound with cancer-killing immune cells to destroy malignant tumors while sparing normal tissue.

12 Aug 2021

Genes News and Research

Study provides insight into fitness effects of genomic structural variants in natural populations

Hedgehog-signaling inhibitor may shift tumor-associated macrophages back to cancer fighters

Small protein prevents immune system from destroying pancreatic cells in type 1 diabetes-prone mice

UH researcher set to explore how testosterone works in the brain

Researchers assess the genetic features of T-cell immunity development to SARS-CoV-2 variants

Certain intestinal bacteria induce cross-reactive IgA responses to the SARS-CoV-2 spike RBD

Study tracks microbial population dynamics under prolonged starvation

Simple roundworm may hold the key to understanding cell death processes

Enzyme acts as a sensor to find the hiding spots of viruses

Understanding how to regulate key enzyme may lead to new treatments for cancers, viral infections

Structure of BRCA2 protein complex critical for DNA repair solved

Specific leukemia gene mutations exert divergent effects on DNA repair and sensitivity to PARP Inhibitors

Study uncovers a subset of human short introns spliced out by a distinct mechanism

Researchers identify genetic program in fruit fly that protects neurons from degeneration

Discovery of highly potent neutralizing monoclonal antibodies against SARS-CoV-2

How replication and recombination contribute to emergence of SARS-CoV-2 variants

Study highlights the significance of screening for pre-cancerous Barrett’s esophagus

Researchers discover how PARP inhibitors selectively kill BRCA-mutant cancer cells

Scientists find clues to how a specific synapse type regulates anxiety-like behavior

Immunotherapy pairs ultrasound with immune cells to destroy tumors without toxic side effects

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