Neuroscience News and Research

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Scientists discover how immune system molecule hijacks brain circuit to reduce appetite during illness

Loss of appetite during illness is a common and potentially debilitating phenomenon--in cancer patients, especially, it can even shorten lifespan.

5 May 2016

Study shows short-term statin treatment does not benefit heart surgery patients

Giving daily doses of statins for a few days before and after heart surgery does not prevent heart muscle damage or the development of atrial fibrillation (AF), according to an international clinical trial led by the University of Oxford and funded by the British Heart Foundation.

5 May 2016

Historical and modern perspectives in management of basilar invagination

Winner of the Vesalius Award Award, Abhidha Harshad Shah, MS, MD, presented her research, Management of Basilar Invagination: A Historical Perspective, during the 2016 American Association of Neurological Surgeons Annual Scientific Meeting.

5 May 2016

Human brains constantly make statistical computations to estimate confidence

The directions, which came via cell phone, were a little garbled, but as you understood them: "Turn left at the 3rd light and go straight; the restaurant will be on your right side." Ten minutes ago you made the turn. Still no restaurant in sight. How far will you be willing to drive in the same direction?

5 May 2016

New research shows molecular, cellular processes in human embroyo development

Despite significant biomedical advances in recent decades, the very earliest events of human development¬--those that occur during a critical window just after fertilization--have remained an unobservable mystery, until now.

5 May 2016

EPFL neuroscientists find that the brain can filter out cardiac sensations

Our heart is constantly beating yet we normally do not feel it. It turns out that our brain is capable of filtering out the cardiac sensation so that it doesn't interfere with the brain's ability to perceive external sensations. For the first time, researchers from the Center for Neuroprosthetics at EPFL have identified this mechanism. They discovered that a certain region in the brain determines where internal and external sensations interact. Their work appears in the Journal of Neuroscience.

5 May 2016

Researchers monitor ICP and PRx to characterize temporal evolution in severe TBI patients

Winner of the Best International Abstract Award, Hadie Adams, presented his research, Characterizing the Temporal Evolution of ICP and Cerebrovascular Reactivity after Severe Traumatic Brain Injury, during the 2016 American Association of Neurological Surgeons Annual Scientific Meeting.

5 May 2016

Research provides new insight into cellular composition of IDH1-mutant gliomas

Winner of the Preuss Research Award, Andrew Venteicher, MD, PhD, presented his research, Cellular Architecture of Human IDH1-mutant Gliomas Revealed Using Single-cell RNA Sequencing, during the 2016 American Association of Neurological Surgeons Annual Scientific Meeting.

5 May 2016

Study analyzes PI, RI of patients who underwent AVM embolization and surgical resection

Winner of the Louise Eisenhardt Traveling Scholarship, Sophia F. Shakur, MD, IFAANS, presented her research, Changes in Pulsatility and Resistance Indices of Cerebral Arteriovenous Malformation Feeder Arteries after Embolization and Surgery, during the 2016 American Association of Neurological Surgeons (AANS) Annual Scientific Meeting.

4 May 2016

Researchers investigate incidence of new position-related nerve deficit in spine surgery

Winner of the Sanford J. Larson, MD, PhD, Award, Gurpreet Surinder Gandhoke, MD, presented his research, Incidence of Position Related Neuropraxia in 4,489 Consecutive Patients Undergoing Spine Surgery. Role of SSEP Monitoring? during the 2016 American Association of Neurological Surgeons Annual Scientific Meeting.

4 May 2016

Oral administration of Jakinibs reduces Parkinson's disease pathogenesis in rat model

University of Alabama at Birmingham researchers report the first documentation that suppressing a key cell-signaling pathway in a rat model of Parkinson's disease reduces pathogenesis. Oral administration of AZD1480 — one of the JAK/STAT pathway inhibitors generally known as Jakinibs — lessened the destructive inflammation and nerve cell degradation in the area of the brain affected by Parkinson's.

4 May 2016

Lund study shows transplanted nerve cells can survive for many years in diseased human brain

In the late 1980s and over the 1990s, researchers at Lund University in Sweden pioneered the transplantation of new nerve cells into the brains of patients with Parkinson's disease. The outcomes proved for the first time that transplanted nerve cells can survive and function in the diseased human brain. Some patients showed marked improvement after the transplantation while others showed moderate or no relief of symptoms.

4 May 2016

Aggregation of SOD1 protein in nerve cells can lead to ALS

Persons with the serious disorder ALS, can have a genetic mutation that causes the protein SOD1 to aggregate in motor neurons in the brain and spinal cord. Researchers at Umea University have discovered that, when injected into mice, the SOD1 aggregation spreads rapidly leading to ALS. The discovery has been described in the Journal of Clinical Investigation.

4 May 2016

Study investigates outcomes in octogenarians undergoing meningioma surgery

Winner of the Integra Foundation Award, Jeremy Steinberger, MD, presented his research, Morbidity and Mortality of Meningioma Resection Increases in Octogenarians, during the 2016 American Association of Neurological Surgeons Annual Scientific Meeting.

4 May 2016

Stroke Awareness Month: Meridian Neuroscience provides latest information about stroke prevention, treatments

In observance of Stroke Awareness Month, Meridian Neuroscience is kicking off a series of informative community events, providing expert advice, tips, and the latest information about stroke prevention and treatments. The events will take place at Meridian Health locations throughout Monmouth and Ocean counties.

4 May 2016

Lumbar drain placement lowers postoperative CSF leak rate for patients undergoing endoscopic endonasal surgery

Winner of the Synthes Skull Base Award, Nathan T. Zwagerman, MD, presented his research, A Prospective, Randomized Control Trial for Lumbar Drain Placement after Endoscopic Endonasal Skull Base Surgery, during the 2016 American Association of Neurological Surgeons Annual Scientific Meeting.

4 May 2016

Total cessation of GnRH production by hypothalamic neurons can lead to infertility

Individual small RNAs are responsible for controlling the expression of gonadoliberin or GnRH (Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone), a neurohormone that controls sexual maturation, the appearance of puberty, and fertility in adults.

3 May 2016

Influence of psychiatric comorbidities on all-cause readmissions following elective spine surgery

Winner of the Robert Florin Resident Award, Owoicho Adogwa, MD, presented his research, Association Between Baseline Affective Disorders and 30-day Readmission Rates in Patients Undergoing Elective Spine Surgery, during the 2016 American Association of Neurological Surgeons Annual Scientific Meeting.

3 May 2016

Study shows cannabinoid type 2 receptor plays vital role in signal processing of the brain

The cannabinoid type 2 receptor - also called "CB2 receptor" - is a special membrane protein. Its function is to receive chemical signals that control cellular activity. "Until now, this receptor was considered part of the immune system without function in nerve cells.

3 May 2016

Study examines role of intraventricular transplantation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell in stroke patients

Winner of the American Association of Neurological Surgeons International Travel Scholarship, Asra Al Fauzi, MD, IFAANS, presented his research, Intraventricular Transplantation of Autologous Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cell in Hemorrhagic Stroke, during the 2016 AANS Annual Scientific Meeting.

3 May 2016

Neuroscience News and Research

Scientists discover how immune system molecule hijacks brain circuit to reduce appetite during illness

Study shows short-term statin treatment does not benefit heart surgery patients

Historical and modern perspectives in management of basilar invagination

Human brains constantly make statistical computations to estimate confidence

New research shows molecular, cellular processes in human embroyo development

EPFL neuroscientists find that the brain can filter out cardiac sensations

Researchers monitor ICP and PRx to characterize temporal evolution in severe TBI patients

Research provides new insight into cellular composition of IDH1-mutant gliomas

Study analyzes PI, RI of patients who underwent AVM embolization and surgical resection

Researchers investigate incidence of new position-related nerve deficit in spine surgery

Oral administration of Jakinibs reduces Parkinson's disease pathogenesis in rat model

Lund study shows transplanted nerve cells can survive for many years in diseased human brain

Aggregation of SOD1 protein in nerve cells can lead to ALS

Study investigates outcomes in octogenarians undergoing meningioma surgery

Stroke Awareness Month: Meridian Neuroscience provides latest information about stroke prevention, treatments

Lumbar drain placement lowers postoperative CSF leak rate for patients undergoing endoscopic endonasal surgery

Total cessation of GnRH production by hypothalamic neurons can lead to infertility

Influence of psychiatric comorbidities on all-cause readmissions following elective spine surgery

Study shows cannabinoid type 2 receptor plays vital role in signal processing of the brain

Study examines role of intraventricular transplantation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell in stroke patients

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