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Mast cell activation may underlie inflammation in severe COVID-19

A new preprint research paper posted to the medRxiv* server points to mast cells as major culprits in the etiology of severe and critical COVID-19. This could suggest suitable therapeutic and preventive interventions to reduce the morbidity and mortality of this viral illness.

3 Jun 2021

Study compares Pfizer and Moderna mRNA vaccine-elicited response to SARS-CoV-2 variants

A new study has been published on the bioRxiv preprint server which focuses on the correlation between the vaccine-triggered Immunoglobulin G (IgG) levels and neutralization titers against SARS-CoV-2 variants. Further, neutralization activities against the variants (B.1.1.7, B.1.525, and B.1.351), using Pfizer or Moderna vaccine, sera were assessed.

3 Jun 2021

Large-scale expansion of spike-reactive T cells feasible after COVID-19 vaccination

A new bioRxiv* preprint reports on the successful use of a protocol to expand SARS-CoV-2-reactive T-cells a thousand-fold.

2 Jun 2021

Novel antibody engineering approach

Scientists from the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, USA, have recently developed an Antibody Display technology by grafting the second extracellular domain of tetraspanin12 (Tspan12EC2) and the receptor-binding domain (RBD) of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) spike protein on the heavy chain complementarity-determining region 3 (CDR3).

2 Jun 2021

Scientists explain possible causes of anaphylaxis following mRNA COVID-19 vaccination

New research from a team of scientists at the Centre for Research in Molecular Modeling, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Concordia University in Canada, has aimed to determine the potential causes of anaphylaxis or allergic reactions reported in some individuals after receiving COVID-19 vaccines, including the mRNA vaccines by Pfizer-BioNTech and Moderna.

1 Jun 2021

Intra-host SARS-CoV-2 composition varies over time, hinting at viral evolution during infection

Researchers at the Southern University of Science and Technology in China revealed rapid and dramatic changes in quasispecies diversity upon evaluating the SARS-CoV-2 populations present in the upper and lower respiratory tracts of patients with varying COVID-19 severity.

31 May 2021

Loss of gut epithelial barrier responsible for COVID-19-related MIS-C in children, suggests study

A new paper in the Journal of Clinical Investigation reports that this condition is due to damage to the gut, mediated by a decrease in the protein called zonulin, which is responsible for the integrity of the gut epithelial barrier. Reduced zonulin levels are found in several inflammatory and autoimmune conditions.

28 May 2021

Study supports single-dose COVID-19 vaccine strategy for previously infected individuals

Researchers in the Netherlands have provided evidence that a single dose of Pfizer-BioNTech’s coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine is sufficient to protect against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) among people who have already been infected with the virus.

28 May 2021

Identifying SARS-CoV-2 epitopes targeted by current vaccination could help improve future vaccines

Researchers in the United States have identified antibody-inducing epitopes of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in individuals vaccinated against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) that could be used for future diagnostics, therapeutics, and vaccine design.

28 May 2021

Vagus nerve stimulation may be a potential adjunct therapy for COVID-19

COVID-19 was initially described as lung inflammation, or pneumonia, in older adults. However, we now know that SARS-CoV-2 infections can cause a wide range of symptoms in people of all ages, ranging from no symptoms at all to systemic inflammation and even death.

27 May 2021

Intensity and duration of SARS-CoV-2 immunity may depend on ABO blood group

A team of scientists from Canada and Spain recently evaluated the durability of antigen-specific immune responses in COVID-19 recovered individuals. They have also identified potential host factors associated with robust and long-lasting anti-SARS-CoV-2 immunity.

26 May 2021

Could GRP78 be a therapeutic target against COVID-19?

A new study by a team of researchers at the Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, USA, reports a potentially important therapeutic target in the form of a molecule called GRP78 that promotes the entry and protein production by many viruses. The team's paper has been published in the Journal of Biological Chemistry.

26 May 2021

An exploratory study of T-cell and antibody responses after COVID-19 mRNA vaccination

Recent COVID-19 investigations have found that up to half of immunocompromised individuals struggle to produce antibodies after receiving their severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccinations.

26 May 2021

Study shows how rare but serious post-COVID-19 complication develops in children, adolescents

A multidisciplinary team from MassGeneral Hospital for Children (MGHfC), Brigham and Women's Hospital and other institutions have identified the mechanism of how an extremely rare but serious post-COVID-19 complication develops in children and adolescents.

26 May 2021

Do vaccinations result in anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in human milk?

The aim of this study investigates the impact of different types of vaccines on the anti-SARS-CoV-2 Immunoglobulin A (IgA) and Immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibody levels found in human milk.

25 May 2021

Researchers take steps to standardize correlates of protection against SARS-CoV-2

Antibodies, Antibody, Assay, Coronavirus, Efficacy, Healthcare, Pandemic, Protein, Receptor, Research, Vaccine, Virus, Coronavirus Disease COVID-19,

24 May 2021

Memory B cells with a functional anti-SARS-CoV-2 response persist despite loss of specific IgG

In Munich, Germany, scientists at Ludwig Maximilian University studied temporal adaptive immunity to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) to better understand protection against re-infection. They found functional properties of persisting memory B specific to SARS-CoV-2 may help in protect against the virus.

23 May 2021

Risk factors for rare COVID-19 complications in children (MIS-C)

While the earlier waves of COVID-19 relatively spared children, some of the affected children have developed a systemic inflammatory condition, with occasionally fatal outcomes. Called multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C), its pathogenesis and risk factors are the subject of a new study on the medRxiv* preprint server.

21 May 2021

Facets of SARS-CoV-2 infection and animal models

A new study in the journal Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology discusses the ribonucleic acid (RNA) genome of the virus, and the mechanisms by which it establishes infection within the host cell. The researchers also summarize the development of animal models of COVID-19, which will both help understand the clinical features of the illness, and indicate new approaches for the treatment of the infection.

21 May 2021

Are COVID-19-related complications in children explained by abnormal immune responses?

A common theme in reports on COVID-19 around the world has been the large number of children who have not been infected or shown signs of disease. However, though the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) causes less acute infection in this age group, it is associated with a severe immune-mediated multisystemic illness called multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C).

20 May 2021

Immunoglobulin News and Research

Mast cell activation may underlie inflammation in severe COVID-19

Study compares Pfizer and Moderna mRNA vaccine-elicited response to SARS-CoV-2 variants

Large-scale expansion of spike-reactive T cells feasible after COVID-19 vaccination

Novel antibody engineering approach

Scientists explain possible causes of anaphylaxis following mRNA COVID-19 vaccination

Intra-host SARS-CoV-2 composition varies over time, hinting at viral evolution during infection

Loss of gut epithelial barrier responsible for COVID-19-related MIS-C in children, suggests study

Study supports single-dose COVID-19 vaccine strategy for previously infected individuals

Identifying SARS-CoV-2 epitopes targeted by current vaccination could help improve future vaccines

Vagus nerve stimulation may be a potential adjunct therapy for COVID-19

Intensity and duration of SARS-CoV-2 immunity may depend on ABO blood group

Could GRP78 be a therapeutic target against COVID-19?

An exploratory study of T-cell and antibody responses after COVID-19 mRNA vaccination

Study shows how rare but serious post-COVID-19 complication develops in children, adolescents

Do vaccinations result in anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in human milk?

Researchers take steps to standardize correlates of protection against SARS-CoV-2

Memory B cells with a functional anti-SARS-CoV-2 response persist despite loss of specific IgG

Risk factors for rare COVID-19 complications in children (MIS-C)

Facets of SARS-CoV-2 infection and animal models

Are COVID-19-related complications in children explained by abnormal immune responses?

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