Pathophysiology News and Research

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Genetic study reveals why some children respond better to myopia lenses

Myopia, or nearsightedness, has reached epidemic levels worldwide, particularly in East and Southeast Asia.

5 Jun 2025

SIRT6 identified as a critical safeguard of spinal disc health

Low back pain is the most prevalent musculoskeletal condition worldwide and is closely tied to the progressive degeneration of intervertebral discs.

5 Jun 2025

TRR 417 initiative aims to unlock new treatments for colorectal cancer

In the realm of colorectal cancer treatments beyond surgery and radiation, one key question gained prominence in recent years: Is the tumor's DNA repair system defective, making it "microsatellite unstable"? Around 15 to 20 percent of all tumors have this trait, making them likely candidates for successful immunotherapy.

30 May 2025

Immune microRNAs drive new frontiers in cardiovascular disease research

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) continue to dominate global mortality statistics, with immune dysregulation emerging as a central feature in their pathogenesis.

28 May 2025

MRI scans reveal why young women face higher risk for eating disorders

Advanced high-field MRI reveals distinct microstructural changes in hypothalamic subregions of young women with anorexia nervosa and obesity. These alterations may underlie increased vulnerability to eating disorders and point toward new neurobiological treatment targets.

26 May 2025

Heavy smoking triggers systemic inflammation and vascular damage in new biomarker study

Heavy smoking in adult males significantly increases oxidative stress, inflammation, and vascular dysfunction, as shown by comprehensive blood and tissue biomarker analysis. The findings highlight measurable biological damage and reinforce the urgent need for targeted public health interventions.

26 May 2025

FOXP4 gene variants reveal new genetic link to long COVID risk

Researchers have identified genetic variants in the FOXP4 gene that significantly increase the risk of developing long COVID, independently of COVID-19 severity. The study also reveals that ancestry, smoking, and other factors contribute to the complex genetics of long COVID.

23 May 2025

Discovery of novel gene candidate sheds light on autism mechanisms

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a condition affecting the brain's development and often affects the ability of a person to perceive sensory information and social cues and socialize with others.

21 May 2025

Study reveals link between gut health and post-COVID syndrome fatigue

In a recent study, a research team from the Medical University of Vienna has gained new insights into post-COVID syndrome (PCS) and the relevance of a healthy gastrointestinal tract.

21 May 2025

NELL2 identified as a key regulator of bone formation and fat suppression

A recent study identifies Neural EGFL-like 2 (NELL2), a secreted protein, as a key regulator of bone homeostasis, offering potential therapeutic applications for osteoporosis.

19 May 2025

Ciliary dynamics may play a role in the pathophysiology of bronchopulmonary dysplasia

Premature infants are at risk of bronchopulmonary dysplasia, or BPD, a type of lung injury associated with increased mortality.

19 May 2025

Ubrogepant relieves early migraine symptoms and may help prevent full-blown attacks

A phase 3 trial found that ubrogepant, given during the premonitory phase of migraine, improved common warning symptoms such as fatigue, light and sound sensitivity, and neck pain. These benefits were observed as early as one hour post-treatment, suggesting early intervention can reduce migraine burden.

15 May 2025

Study deciphers the role of histone deacetylases in lymphoma development

Lymphomas belong to the group of malignant diseases of the immune system and mainly affect the organs of the lymphatic system.

15 May 2025

CAR-T cell therapy linked to brain fog in cancer patients

After treatment with CAR-T cells - immune cells engineered to attack cancer - patients sometimes tell their doctors they feel like they have "brain fog," or forgetfulness and difficulty concentrating.

12 May 2025

AI reveals how hearing, mood, and sleep predict who suffers most from tinnitus

Researchers used machine learning and UK Biobank data to identify predictors of subjective tinnitus presence and severity. Hearing health was the strongest factor, but mood, sleep, and neuroticism shaped how severely tinnitus affected individuals over time.

8 May 2025

COVID-19 leaves longer-lasting symptoms than flu or pneumonia, study finds

A large U.S. cohort study found that post-acute symptoms after COVID-19 vary by initial disease severity, age, sex, and comorbidities. Compared to influenza and pneumonia, long COVID presented with distinct symptom patterns and longer-lasting effects.

1 May 2025

Study links impaired synaptic pruning to autism

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a complex neurodevelopmental condition in which affected individuals experience difficulties in social communication and exhibit restricted, repetitive patterns of behavior or interests.

30 Apr 2025

Gut bacteria and metabolites reveal depression-linked patterns in older adults

A cross-sectional study of 400 older adults with metabolic syndrome reveals that individuals with depression have distinct gut microbiota and metabolite profiles. Eight bacterial genera and 15 fecal metabolites were significantly associated with depression, suggesting a gut-brain axis link.

29 Apr 2025

Carotid artery plaque contains elevated micronanoplastics

People with plaque in the blood vessels of their neck have a higher amount of tiny plastic particles in those vessels compared to people with healthy arteries.

22 Apr 2025

Gut microbiome pattern predicts future heart attack risk in coronary heart disease patients

A specific gut microbiota pattern was found to predict new cardiovascular events in patients with coronary heart disease, based on data from the CORDIOPREV study. Researchers developed a microbiota-based risk score that may improve secondary prevention.

21 Apr 2025