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Medical ethics: an interview with Anita Silvers

Medical ethics assists healthcare professionals to make decisions respectful of persons who happen to be their patients.

13 Aug 2012

Radiation after lumpectomy helps prevent need for subsequent mastectomy in older women with early stage breast cancer

Contrary to clinical recommendations, older women with early stage breast cancer may want to undergo radiation after lumpectomy to help ensure that they will not need a mastectomy in the future. That is the conclusion of a new study published early online in CANCER, a peer-reviewed journal of the American Cancer Society. The findings indicate that current thinking on the risks and benefits of radiation for early stage breast cancer in older women may be inaccurate.

13 Aug 2012

Leukoaraiosis modifies brain function in the elderly

Researchers at the Mayo Clinic say a common condition called leukoaraiosis, made up of tiny areas in the brain that have been deprived of oxygen and appear as bright white dots on MRI scans, is not a harmless part of the aging process, but rather a disease that alters brain function in the elderly.

13 Aug 2012

Persistent and loud snoring associated with problem behaviors in young children

Persistent and loud snoring in young children is associated with problem behaviors, according to a new study published online in Pediatrics.

13 Aug 2012

Six ONR-funded researchers receive Presidential Early Career Awards for Scientists and Engineers

Six researchers funded by the Office of Naval Research (ONR) were honored with Presidential Early Career Awards for Scientists and Engineers (PECASE), the nation's highest honor for young scientists and engineers, officials announced Aug.10.

13 Aug 2012

HDAC8 gene mutations cause Cornelia deLange syndrome

Genetics researchers have identified a key gene that, when mutated, causes the rare multisystem disorder Cornelia deLange syndrome (CdLS). By revealing how mutations in the HDAC8 gene disrupt the biology of proteins that control both gene expression and cell division, the research sheds light on this disease, which causes intellectual disability, limb deformations and other disabilities resulting from impairments in early development.

13 Aug 2012

Study investigates why organisms retain seemingly unnecessary stages in their development

Why, after millions of years of evolution, do organisms build structures that seemingly serve no purpose? A study conducted at Michigan State University and published in the current issue of The American Naturalist investigates the evolutionary reasons why organisms go through developmental stages that appear unnecessary.

13 Aug 2012

Johns Hopkins CIDR receives NIH contract to study genetic diseases

The Johns Hopkins Center for Inherited Disease Research (CIDR) program contract, which provides up to $101 million in research funding from the National Institutes of Health (NIH) to study the genetic contribution to human diseases, has been renewed for another five years.

13 Aug 2012

Scientists discover why major depression or chronic stress can cause loss of brain mass

Major depression or chronic stress can cause the loss of brain volume, a condition that contributes to both emotional and cognitive impairment. Now a team of researchers led by Yale scientists has discovered one reason why this occurs - a single genetic switch that triggers loss of brain connections in humans and depression in animal models.

13 Aug 2012

Research focuses on evolution of sex and gamete function

The propagation of every animal on the planet is the result of sexual activity between males and females of a given species. But how did things get this way? Why two sexes instead of one? Why are sperm necessary for reproduction and how did they evolve? These as-yet-unresolved issues fascinate Timothy Karr, a developmental geneticist and evolutionary biologist at Arizona State University's Biodesign Institute.

13 Aug 2012

Scientists discover how pten gene causes brain changes that lead to autism-like behavior

Scientists affiliated with the UC Davis MIND Institute have discovered how a defective gene causes brain changes that lead to the atypical social behavior characteristic of autism. The research offers a potential target for drugs to treat the condition.

13 Aug 2012

Taro, Sun Pharma enter merger agreement

Sun Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd. and Taro Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd. announced today that they have entered into a merger agreement together with certain affiliates of Sun Pharma.

13 Aug 2012

Reducing copper in the body delays onset of prion disease

Many of us are familiar with prion disease from its most startling and unusual incarnations-the outbreaks of "mad cow" disease (bovine spongiform encephalopathy) that created a crisis in the global beef industry. Or the strange story of Kuru, a fatal illness affecting a tribe in Papua New Guinea known for its cannibalism. Both are forms of prion disease, caused by the abnormal folding of a protein and resulting in progressive neurodegeneration and death.

13 Aug 2012

Brain activity rapidly changes in olfactory regions following odor deprivation

Has a summer cold or mold allergy stuffed up your nose and dampened your sense of smell? We take it for granted that once our nostrils clear, our sniffers will dependably rebound and alert us to a lurking neighborhood skunk or a caramel corn shop ahead. That dependability is no accident. It turns out the brain is working overtime behind the scenes to make sure the sense of smell is just as sharp after the nose recovers.

13 Aug 2012

Endocrine Society revises clinical practice guideline for management of thyroid dysfunction

The Endocrine Society has made revisions to its 2007 Clinical Practice Guideline (CPG) for management of thyroid disease during pregnancy and postpartum. The CPG provides recommendations for diagnosis and treatment of patients with thyroid-related medical issues just before and during pregnancy and in the postpartum interval.

12 Aug 2012

Pressure builds on presidential nominees on health care issues, a GOP running mate

The presidential race picks up with conservatives pushing presumptive GOP nominee Mitt Romney to pick Rep. Paul Ryan, R-Wis., as his running mate while Romney's latest TV ad accuses President Obama of using his health law to "declare war" on religion.

12 Aug 2012

Study assesses gender differences in the efficacy of antiretroviral treatment

Women comprise nearly half of the HIV-infected population worldwide, but these 15.5 million women tend to be under-represented in clinical trials of anti-HIV drug therapies. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has created a database from 40 clinical studies to assess gender differences in the efficacy of antiretroviral treatments.

12 Aug 2012

World Humanitarian Day an opportunity to reflect on, address health crisis in Syria

This Lancet editorial reflects on a medical crisis in Syria, highlighting a new report (.pdf) by Amnesty International that "documents the human rights abuses already occurring in the city."

12 Aug 2012

Combination of novel drug therapy and PSA test can effectively detect prostate cancer

Researchers have successfully developed and tested a new prostate cancer screening method that uses the combined power of a novel drug therapy and changes in PSA levels over time to identify men with a high PSA who are more likely to have aggressive prostate cancer despite negative biopsies.

12 Aug 2012

State officials look for Medicaid savings in cuts, new payment methods, managed care

Facing budget pressures, state officials in Georgia, Minnesota, Kansas and West Virginia are among those making cuts and switching to new payment methods as well as to managed care to cut the cost of the state-federal health care program for the poor and disabled.

12 Aug 2012

Medical News

Medical ethics: an interview with Anita Silvers

Radiation after lumpectomy helps prevent need for subsequent mastectomy in older women with early stage breast cancer

Leukoaraiosis modifies brain function in the elderly

Persistent and loud snoring associated with problem behaviors in young children

Six ONR-funded researchers receive Presidential Early Career Awards for Scientists and Engineers

HDAC8 gene mutations cause Cornelia deLange syndrome

Study investigates why organisms retain seemingly unnecessary stages in their development

Johns Hopkins CIDR receives NIH contract to study genetic diseases

Scientists discover why major depression or chronic stress can cause loss of brain mass

Research focuses on evolution of sex and gamete function

Scientists discover how pten gene causes brain changes that lead to autism-like behavior

Taro, Sun Pharma enter merger agreement

Reducing copper in the body delays onset of prion disease

Brain activity rapidly changes in olfactory regions following odor deprivation

Endocrine Society revises clinical practice guideline for management of thyroid dysfunction

Pressure builds on presidential nominees on health care issues, a GOP running mate

Study assesses gender differences in the efficacy of antiretroviral treatment

World Humanitarian Day an opportunity to reflect on, address health crisis in Syria

Combination of novel drug therapy and PSA test can effectively detect prostate cancer

State officials look for Medicaid savings in cuts, new payment methods, managed care

The importance of ketones from a clinical and medical perspective

How Programmable Nanobiology Could Drive the Fifth Industrial Revolution

Dr. Anthony Grice

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