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Top cancer research and clinical developments at Dana-Farber Cancer Institute in 2014

Immunotherapy, genomic profiling, and investigating game-changing drug therapies topped the list of most important cancer research and clinical developments at Dana-Farber Cancer Institute in 2014.

1 Jan 2015

Researchers use whole genome sequencing to track evolution of chicken flu virus

An international research team has shown how changes in a flu virus that has plagued Chinese poultry farms for decades helped create the novel avian H7N9 influenza A virus that has sickened more than 375 people since 2013. The research appears in the current online early edition of the scientific journal Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.

30 Dec 2014

Researchers describe key group of small DNA fragments in neurone regulation and maturity

A study led by researchers from the University of Toronto and involving the Centre for Genomic Regulation in Barcelona has described a group of small DNA fragments that are key in neurone regulation and maturity.

24 Dec 2014

Whole-genome sequencing can identify patients' risk for hereditary cancer

UT Southwestern Medical Center cancer researchers have demonstrated that whole-genome sequencing can be used to identify patients' risk for hereditary cancer, which can potentially lead to improvements in cancer prevention, diagnosis, and care.

24 Dec 2014

Next generation sequencing in malignant pleural mesothelioma tumors reveals complex mutational setting

Next generation sequencing in malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) tumors shows a complex mutational setting with a high number of genetic alterations in genes involved in DNA repair, cell survival and cell proliferation pathways. Increased accumulation of mutations correlates with early progression of the tumor and decreased survival.

23 Dec 2014

First successful vaccination of deer against chronic wasting disease

Researchers at NYU Langone Medical Center and elsewhere say that a vaccination they have developed to fight a brain-based, wasting syndrome among deer and other animals may hold promise on two additional fronts: Protecting U.S. livestock from contracting the disease, and preventing similar brain infections in humans.

23 Dec 2014

Endogenous retroviruses play critical role in body's immune defense against bacterial, viral pathogens

Retroviruses are best known for causing contagious scourges such as AIDS, or more sporadically, cancer.

23 Dec 2014

Different gene mutations lead to different features of ASD

People with autism have a wide range of symptoms, with no two people sharing the exact type and severity of behaviors.

23 Dec 2014

Researchers identify new genetic anomalies in smoking-related lung cancers

Developing effective treatments for lung cancer has been challenging, in part because so many genetic mutations play a role in the disease.

22 Dec 2014

New computational technique reveals genetic roots of autism, cancers

In the decade since the genome was sequenced in 2003, scientists and doctors have struggled to answer an all-consuming question: Which DNA mutations cause disease?

22 Dec 2014

Scientists discover genetic pathway responsible for brain development

Scientists at A*STAR's Institute of Medical Biology and Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology have identified a genetic pathway that accounts for the extraordinary size of the human brain.

19 Dec 2014

Study: Inactivating polymorphism may influence progression of ovarian and luminal breast cancer

A common polymorphism - a variation in a person's DNA sequence that is found with regularity in the general population - can lead to a chain of events that dictates how a tumor will progress in certain types of cancer, including a form of breast cancer as well as ovarian cancer, according to new research from The Wistar Institute that was published online by the journal Cancer Cell.

19 Dec 2014

Gene variations predispose mestizo Mexican population to develop severe form of COPD

A study by Ramcés Falfán-Valencia, researcher at the National Institute of Respiratory Diseases, found that the mestizo Mexican population has a number of variations in certain genes that predispose them to develop the most severe form of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).

19 Dec 2014

Endogenous retroviruses also play critical role in the body's immune defense against pathogens

Retroviruses are best known for causing contagious scourges such as AIDS, or more sporadically, cancer.

19 Dec 2014

New analysis finds global improvements in life expectancy

Global life expectancy increased by 5.8 years in men and 6.6 years in women between 1990 and 2013, according to a major new analysis from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013 (GBD 2013).

19 Dec 2014

Penn, UGA scientists awarded new contract to develop genome database for microbial pathogens

At the turn of the millennium, the cost to sequence a single human genome exceeded $50 million, and the process took a decade to complete. Microbes have genomes, too, and the first reference genome for a malaria parasite was completed in 2002 at a cost of roughly $15 million. But today researchers can sequence a genome in a single afternoon for just a few thousand dollars. Related technologies make it possible to capture information about all genes in the genome, in all tissues, from multiple individuals.

18 Dec 2014

Researchers reveal common features responsible for antibiotic resistance

Treating bacterial infections with antibiotics is becoming increasingly difficult as bacteria develop resistance not only to the antibiotics being used against them, but also to ones they have never encountered before. By analyzing genetic and phenotypic changes in antibiotic-resistant strains of E. coli, researchers at the RIKEN Quantitative Biology Center in Japan have revealed a common set of features that appear to be responsible for the development of resistance to several types of antibiotics.

18 Dec 2014

Study offers insights into mechanisms of bacterial resistance to antimicrobial peptides

Antimicrobial peptides are a distinctive class of potent, broad-spectrum antibiotics produced by the body's innate immune system--the first line of defense against disease-causing microbes.

18 Dec 2014

Research findings may lead to new treatment strategies for Ewing sarcoma

The genetic abnormality that drives the bone cancer Ewing sarcoma operates through two distinct processes - both activating genes that stimulate tumor growth and suppressing those that should keep cancer from developing. These findings by Massachusetts General Hospital investigators, published in the November issue of Cancer Cell, may lead to new therapies targeting these aberrant mechanisms.

18 Dec 2014

Scientists discover how certain gut bacteria can protect themselves, others from antibiotics

Scientists from the Institute of Food Research and the University of East Anglia have discovered how certain gut bacteria can protect themselves and others in the gut from antibiotics.

18 Dec 2014

Genome News and Research

Top cancer research and clinical developments at Dana-Farber Cancer Institute in 2014

Researchers use whole genome sequencing to track evolution of chicken flu virus

Researchers describe key group of small DNA fragments in neurone regulation and maturity

Whole-genome sequencing can identify patients' risk for hereditary cancer

Next generation sequencing in malignant pleural mesothelioma tumors reveals complex mutational setting

First successful vaccination of deer against chronic wasting disease

Endogenous retroviruses play critical role in body's immune defense against bacterial, viral pathogens

Different gene mutations lead to different features of ASD

Researchers identify new genetic anomalies in smoking-related lung cancers

New computational technique reveals genetic roots of autism, cancers

Scientists discover genetic pathway responsible for brain development

Study: Inactivating polymorphism may influence progression of ovarian and luminal breast cancer

Gene variations predispose mestizo Mexican population to develop severe form of COPD

Endogenous retroviruses also play critical role in the body's immune defense against pathogens

New analysis finds global improvements in life expectancy

Penn, UGA scientists awarded new contract to develop genome database for microbial pathogens

Researchers reveal common features responsible for antibiotic resistance

Study offers insights into mechanisms of bacterial resistance to antimicrobial peptides

Research findings may lead to new treatment strategies for Ewing sarcoma

Scientists discover how certain gut bacteria can protect themselves, others from antibiotics

The art of CRISPR: The power and promise of gene editing eBook

Lab Matters host Harriet Gould on building a more connected lab community

The Critical Role of Sample Storage in Drug Discovery and Development

Advancing Neuroscience Research Through Collaboration and Patient-Centered Innovation

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