Pathophysiology News and Research

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Migraine, epilepsy and genetics: an interview with Dr. Melodie Winawer

This work is the product of an extraordinary consortium called the Epilepsy Phenome/Genome project (EPGP). It is a consortium of 27 centres in the U.S. and internationally with several hundred physicians and staff who have worked together to enrol more than 4000 patients with epilepsy and their family members.

7 Feb 2013

Modafinil may help some people to reduce drinking by improving their impulse control

Poor impulse control contributes to one's inability to control the consumption of rewarding substances, like food, alcohol, and other drugs. This can lead to the development of addiction. FDA-approved medications for alcoholism, like naltrexone (Revia) and disulfiram (Antabuse), are thought to reduce alcohol consumption by curbing cravings and creating unpleasant reactions to alcohol, effects which reduce the desire to drink alcohol.

2 Feb 2013

Study supports hypothesis that disulfiram reduces drug consumption by blocking DβH

Disulfiram was the first medication approved for the treatment of alcoholism over 50 years ago. It works, at least in part, by preventing the metabolism of an alcohol by-product, acetaldehyde. High levels of acetaldehyde in the body quickly cause unpleasant symptoms, including nausea, vomiting, headache, and accelerated heart rate. Thus, disulfiram provides a very strong incentive to avoid drinking.

1 Feb 2013

Hyperconnectivity in brain emotion regions even in remitted bipolar I disorder

Bipolar I disorder patients who are in remission display increased coupling between brain regions involved in regulating emotions, even in the absence of a psychological task, shows a US study.

31 Jan 2013

Increasing age, male sex and adiposity risk factors for metabolic syndrome in children

Metabolic syndrome is more likely to affect children who are obese than overweight or non-overweight and who have other characteristics associated with the disorder, such as high blood pressure or insulin resistance. A new comprehensive and systematic review of the medical literature on metabolic syndrome in children that probed deeper to evaluate the risk associated with gender, ethnicity, and geography was published in Metabolic Syndrome and Related Disorders, a peer-reviewed journal from Mary Ann Liebert, Inc., publishers.

31 Jan 2013

STS presents Earl Bakken Scientific Achievement Award to Stanford University professor

The Society of Thoracic Surgeons presented the Earl Bakken Scientific Achievement Award to D. Craig Miller, MD on Tuesday morning during the General Session at the STS 49th Annual Meeting.

31 Jan 2013

Dilaforette receives approval to initiate sevuparin Phase II malaria study in India

Dilaforette, a Karolinska Development portfolio company, today announces that the company has approval from the regulatory authority in India to start a Phase II study with sevuparin in patients with moderate to severe malaria.

30 Jan 2013

Carmenta acquires option to license Stanford technology for preeclampsia diagnostic test

Carmenta Bioscience, Inc., a privately held medical technology company focused on maternal and fetal health, today announced it has acquired the option for a worldwide, exclusive license from Stanford University to develop a set of tests enabling physicians to better diagnose and predict preeclampsia.

28 Jan 2013

Orbitofrontal cortex abnormality characteristic of deficit schizophrenia

The orbitofrontal cortex appears to play an important role in the development of severe negative symptoms in people with deficit schizophrenia, researchers suggest.

25 Jan 2013

Neuromuscular blockade (NMB) reversal

General anesthesia is made up of three components: hypnotic medicines, to induce sleep; analgesics, or medicines to inhibit pain; and NMB agents that induce muscle relaxation. Anesthesiology professionals use NMB to relax a patient’s muscles and prevent involuntary movement that could impact surgery.

24 Jan 2013

New targeted enzyme replacement therapy can treat X-linked myotubular myopathy

A collaborative research team including a Medical College of Wisconsin (MCW) pediatric neuropathologist successfully mitigated some of the effects of a muscular disease by using a new targeted enzyme replacement therapy strategy from 4s3 Bioscience.

23 Jan 2013

Head-scratching persists despite nodding syndrome study

Nodding syndrome is an epileptic disorder, with telltale nodding episodes caused by atonic seizures, concludes a pioneering study of the mysterious neurologic illness that has been reported in only three African countries.

17 Jan 2013

Dentate gyrus, fimbria volumes reduced in bipolar II disorder

Results from a Norwegian study suggest that the dentate gyrus and fimbria may play an important role in the pathophysiology of bipolar II disorder.

17 Jan 2013

Report describes 2 brain underpinnings of emotion dysregulation in borderline personality disorder

Originally, the label "borderline personality disorder" was applied to patients who were thought to represent a middle ground between patients with neurotic and psychotic disorders. Increasingly, though, this area of research has focused on the heightened emotional reactivity observed in patients carrying this diagnosis, as well as the high rates with which they also meet diagnostic criteria for posttraumatic stress disorder and mood disorders.

17 Jan 2013

Tamoxifen can counteract some pathologic features in mouse model of DMD

A new study has found that tamoxifen, a well-known breast cancer drug, can counteract some pathologic features in a mouse model of Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD). At present, no treatment is known to produce long-term improvement of the symptoms in boys with DMD, a debilitating muscular disorder that is characterized by progressive muscle wasting, respiratory and cardiac impairments, paralysis, and premature death.

16 Jan 2013

Cerebrospinal fluid IL-6 increased in schizophrenia

Cerebrospinal fluid levels of interleukin-6 are significantly increased in patients with schizophrenia and major depressive disorder, Japanese study results show.

9 Jan 2013

Neonatal chemokines altered in autistic spectrum patients

A study by scientists has found limited evidence to support a role for proinflammatory chemokines in the pathophysiology of Autism Spectrum Disorders.

3 Jan 2013

New Wiley handbook offers well-designed approach to imaging musculoskeletal trauma

Imaging Musculoskeletal Trauma: A Handbook for the Clinic, published by Wiley, offers a well-designed approach to imaging musculoskeletal trauma.

3 Jan 2013

AHA/ASA identify top cardiovascular and stroke research advances for 2012

Resuscitation, cell regeneration, a new high blood pressure treatment and developments in devices for treating stroke are among the key scientific findings that make up this year's top cardiovascular and stroke research identified by the American Heart Association and American Stroke Association.

18 Dec 2012

AMSSM statement on ‘Concussion in Sport’

The American Medical Society for Sports Medicine releases its latest position statement, "Concussion in Sport," which recommends healthcare professionals apply a more individualized approach in the diagnosis and care management of sports concussion, a traumatic head injury with a reported 3.8 million occurrences per year.

14 Dec 2012

Pathophysiology News and Research

Migraine, epilepsy and genetics: an interview with Dr. Melodie Winawer

Modafinil may help some people to reduce drinking by improving their impulse control

Study supports hypothesis that disulfiram reduces drug consumption by blocking DβH

Hyperconnectivity in brain emotion regions even in remitted bipolar I disorder

Increasing age, male sex and adiposity risk factors for metabolic syndrome in children

STS presents Earl Bakken Scientific Achievement Award to Stanford University professor

Dilaforette receives approval to initiate sevuparin Phase II malaria study in India

Carmenta acquires option to license Stanford technology for preeclampsia diagnostic test

Orbitofrontal cortex abnormality characteristic of deficit schizophrenia

Neuromuscular blockade (NMB) reversal

New targeted enzyme replacement therapy can treat X-linked myotubular myopathy

Head-scratching persists despite nodding syndrome study

Dentate gyrus, fimbria volumes reduced in bipolar II disorder

Report describes 2 brain underpinnings of emotion dysregulation in borderline personality disorder

Tamoxifen can counteract some pathologic features in mouse model of DMD

Cerebrospinal fluid IL-6 increased in schizophrenia

Neonatal chemokines altered in autistic spectrum patients

New Wiley handbook offers well-designed approach to imaging musculoskeletal trauma

AHA/ASA identify top cardiovascular and stroke research advances for 2012

AMSSM statement on ‘Concussion in Sport’

Evaluating new approaches for rare disease genomics

Expanding access to NMR with the Fourier 80 Duo

Advancing Intracellular Delivery with LumiPore®

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