Demyelination News and Research

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A demyelinating disease is any disease of the nervous system in which the myelin sheath of neurons is damaged. This impairs the conduction of signals in the affected nerves, causing impairment in sensation, movement, cognition, or other functions depending on which nerves are involved.

Specialized immune cells bridge the nervous and immune systems

A collaborative team led by Professor Jie Zhou at Tianjin Medical University School of Basic Medicine and Professor Qiang Liu at Tianjin Medical University General Hospital published a comprehensive review in Volume 2 of the journal Immunity & Inflammation on September 8, 2026.

25 Sep 2026

Faulty myelin-making brain cells may help drive cognitive decline with age

Researchers found that greater age-related cognitive decline was associated with more dysfunctional oligodendrocytes, reduced NRF2 expression, smaller myelinated axons, and abnormally thicker myelin in human white matter. Experiments in mice showed that deleting NRF2 specifically from oligodendrocytes reproduced key white matter abnormalities and reduced cognitive improvement over time, implicating this pathway in cognitive aging.

26 Aug 2026

$Novel salvage surgical approach for refractory multiple sclerosis-related trigeminal neuralgia$

Novel salvage surgical approach for refractory multiple sclerosis-related trigeminal neuralgia

A case report in Chinese Neurosurgical Journal describes a novel salvage surgical approach for refractory multiple sclerosis-related trigeminal neuralgia.

16 Jul 2026

Study reveals how glial cells regulate brain injury and recovery

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) affects millions of people worldwide every year and remains a major cause of long-term disability, cognitive decline, and neurological complications.

8 Jul 2026

Pheno Therapeutics granted FDA IND clearance for lead multiple sclerosis therapeutic candidate PTD802

Pheno Therapeutics Limited. (Pheno), a clinical stage biotechnology company focused on the discovery and development of small molecule therapeutics for the treatment of neurological diseases, today announced that the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has cleared the Investigational New Drug (IND) application for PTD802, the Company's lead therapeutic candidate.

From Pheno Therapeutics 22 Jun 2026

Preclinical models map genetic changes behind multiple sclerosis nerve damage

More than 1 million people across the United States live with multiple sclerosis (MS), a disease that affects the brain, optic nerves and spine.

18 May 2026

Anti-aging drug combination causes brain damage in mice

A two-drug combination frequently used in anti-aging research causes brain damage in mice, University of Connecticut researchers report in the March 16 issue of PNAS.

17 Mar 2026

Enhancing myelination may help sustain therapeutic effects of psychedelic-assisted PTSD treatment

Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is not only characterized by strongly encoded traumatic memories, but also by disrupted coordination across brain networks.

4 Mar 2026

Brain-specific enzyme drives branching and extension of O-mannose glycans

Gifu University scientists have uncovered how a brain-specific enzyme reshapes protein-linked sugar chains to facilitate the formation of complex glycans essential for normal brain function.

27 Jan 2026

Why the form of vitamin B12 you take may matter more than your intake

This comprehensive review examines vitamin B12 absorption, physiological roles, deficiency states, and dietary sources, with particular attention to differences between natural and synthetic forms. The authors conclude that while all B12 forms raise circulating levels, methylcobalamin may offer advantages in specific clinical contexts, especially where absorption or metabolic conversion is impaired.

10 Dec 2025

Toward precision diagnosis and treatment of radiation-induced brain injury

Radiation-induced brain injury (RIBI) is a serious and often delayed complication of cranial radiotherapy, which remains a cornerstone in the treatment of brain tumors such as gliomas, metastases, and lymphomas.

18 Nov 2025

Exploring the gut-brain-immune axis in neurodegeneration

Neurodegenerative diseases (NDs), such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), and multiple sclerosis (MS), represent a growing global health burden, particularly in aging populations.

28 Oct 2025

Estradiol and estriol may protect nerve function in multiple sclerosis

About 100,000 of the estimated million people in the United States with multiple sclerosis (MS) have a progressive form of the disease, with symptoms that worsen continuously or after periods of remission.

14 Oct 2025

New drug candidates show promise for restoring myelin in MS

Multiple sclerosis, or MS, is a chronic autoimmune disease affecting more than 2.9 million people worldwide.

8 Oct 2025

Scientists explore how dopamine shapes myelin in social isolation

Scientists know that social isolation can alter brain structure and lead to the breakdown of myelin, the fatty coating that insulates nerve fibers in the brain. But they don't yet know exactly how or why it happens.

25 Sep 2025

Why metformin could protect the brain by rewiring mitochondria

Metformin boosts human oligodendrocyte differentiation and myelination across stem-cell, organoid, and chimera models. The study links these effects to mitochondrial metabolic shifts, supporting its potential as a therapy for multiple sclerosis.

1 Sep 2025

Mitochondrial dysfunction drives cerebellar damage in multiple sclerosis

Multiple sclerosis (MS) affects an estimated 2.3 million people worldwide. Approximately 80% of people with MS have inflammation in the cerebellum, the part of the brain that helps control movement and balance, potentially leading to tremors, poor coordination, and trouble with motor control.

16 Jun 2025

Chronic hyponatremia causes anxiety-like behaviors by disrupting brain chemistry

Hyponatremia, or low blood sodium concentration, is typically viewed as a symptomless condition-until recently.

12 Jun 2025

Brain stimulation at 40Hz boosts memory and neurogenesis in Down syndrome mice

Study provides new evidence that sensory stimulation of gamma-frequency brain rhythm may promote broad-based restorative neurological health response.

25 Apr 2025

Discovery sheds light on protein's role in myelin formation and schizophrenia

Research published in the Journal of Neurochemistry has detailed the role of a protein, hnRNP A1, in the formation and stability of myelin, suggesting an important impact on neurodegenerative diseases and mental disorders such as multiple sclerosis and schizophrenia.

17 Apr 2025