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Medical community has unique role to play in determining future use of mitochondrial replacement techniques

There is a unique role for the United States medical community to play in determining the future application of, and ethically acceptable approach to, mitochondrial replacement techniques (MRTs), according to a commentary published online by the New England Journal of Medicine.

26 Feb 2016

Aggregated forms of transthyretin can trigger JIA development

Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is a the most common form of arthritis in children and affects approximately 50,000 individuals in the United States alone. Previous research suggested that autoimmune responses cause JIA, but the specific antigens that are responsible for driving autoimmunity have not been identified.

26 Feb 2016

Scientists develop new optical technique to observe neurotransmitter activity of individual synapses

Columbia University scientists have developed a new optical technique to study how information is transmitted in the brains of mice. Using this method, they found that only a small portion of synapses -- the connections between cells that control brain activity--may be active at any given time.

26 Feb 2016

Clinical validation study on MaterniT GENOME test published in American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology

Sequenom, Inc., a life sciences company committed to enabling healthier lives through the development of innovative products and services, today announced the publication of a clinical validation study on the MaterniT GENOME laboratory-developed test in the American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology.

26 Feb 2016

Moffitt researchers develop novel therapeutic strategy to keep resistant cells in check

Despite numerous advances in oncology since the War on Cancer began, many patients develop resistance to standard therapies and eventually relapse. Moffitt Cancer Center researchers hope to improve treatment outcomes with development of a novel therapeutic strategy, called adaptive therapy, which is based on evolutionary principals and aims to keep resistant cells in check by maintaining a population of chemo-sensitive cells.

25 Feb 2016

Pancreatic cancer identified as four separate diseases with different genetic triggers, survival rates

An international team led by Australian researchers has studied the genetics of pancreatic cancer, revealing it is actually four separate diseases, each with different genetic triggers and survival rates, paving the way for more accurate diagnoses and treatments.

25 Feb 2016

UNC-Chapel Hill pharmacy researchers use skin cells to destroy brain tumors

In a first for medical science, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill pharmacy researchers turn skin cells into cancer-hunting stem cells that destroy brain tumors known as glioblastoma - a discovery that can offer, for the first time in more than 30 years, a new and more effective treatment for the disease.

25 Feb 2016

New study allows researchers to see how insulin in islets responds to sugar

"Scientists and doctors have wanted to know how much insulin a person has in their body, but haven't been able to know the exact amount without the patient being deceased and actually removing the pancreas," says Peter Arvan, division chief of Metabolism, Endocrinology & Diabetes at the University of Michigan.

25 Feb 2016

Study provides pathways to understand complex neurological disorders

Scientists have now described the engineering of a bright red fluorescent protein-based voltage indicator, providing pathways to understanding complex neurological disorders. Designated as FlicR1 (fluorescent indicator for voltage imaging red), these indicators enable imaging of the electrical activity of many genetically targeted neurons with high spatial and temporal resolution.

25 Feb 2016

New anti-ageing therapy may be effective against aplastic anaemia

Aplastic anaemia is a rare, and potentially fatal, disease of the blood, by which the bone marrow is unable to generate blood cells at the appropriate pace. Many forms of aplastic anaemia share an important link with the ageing process: the shortening of telomeres, structures that protect the ends of chromosomes.

25 Feb 2016

Researchers reveal how stress conditions favor lytic reactivation of herpesviruses

Hiding their DNA genome inside the nucleus of the infected cells, the herpesviruses establish a lifelong infection in humans. Not well defined stress conditions are known to wake up these parasites from their dormancy - the latent phase - and reactivate the production of new viral progeny, eventually causing cell death by lysis - the lytic phase.

25 Feb 2016

Scientists reveal underlying mechanism for formation and growth of epithelial tubes

A team of scientists from Singapore and France has revealed the underlying mechanism for the formation and growth of a fundamental type of tissue - epithelial tubes. Defects in the architecture of epithelial tubes lead to diseases such as cholestasis, atherosclerosis and polycystic kidney disease.

25 Feb 2016

Ground-breaking discovery could lead to new treatments for diabetes

Why would a bacteria-killing protein be present in an area of the body that is not normally exposed to bacteria, like the pancreas? Researchers at The Ottawa Hospital and the University of Ottawa puzzled over this question for some time, until they eventually discovered that the protein in question was doing something entirely unexpected - it was actually helping the pancreas regenerate and produce insulin.

25 Feb 2016

Research: Impaired immune response significantly involved in rare autoimmune diseases

In the context of the multicentre EU project "INTRICATE" under the management of Renate Kain of the Clinical Institute for Pathology of MedUni Vienna, the effects of infections on the generation of rare autoimmune diseases such as granulomatous polyangiitis (GPA), a systemic disease of the vascular system, are examined.

25 Feb 2016

Okayama University e-Bulletin highlights role of designer DNA-binding proteins to fight viral infections in agriculture, medicine

This issue includes a feature on designer DNA-binding proteins to combat viral infections in agriculture and medicine; news items include updates of official opening of the Okayama University Silicon Valley Office at Fremont (CA), and international collaboration work with Xiamen University; research highlights on immunizing plants; identification of gene Vrn-D4 for enabling wheat to adapt to areas with warm winters; importance of introgression on intra-specific genetic differentiation and adaptive divergence; an interesting twist on supercooled liquid water; and manufacturing denim in Okayama.

25 Feb 2016

Active mind may delay symptoms of Alzheimer's disease, but not underlying brain changes

Keeping the mind active may delay symptoms of Alzheimer's disease; however, the activity does not change the underlying disease in the brain for most people, according to a study published today in the online edition of Neurology, the medical journal of the American Academy of Neurology.

25 Feb 2016

Four molecular subtypes of pancreatic cancer identified

Today, researchers from the Australian Pancreatic Cancer Genome Initiative published a pivotal study in the journal Nature that identified four subtypes of pancreatic cancer.

25 Feb 2016

High-salt diet may contribute to liver damage

A sprinkle of salt can bring out the flavor of just about any dish. However, it's well known that too much can lead to high blood pressure, a potentially dangerous condition if left untreated.

24 Feb 2016

IMP's Johannes Zuber receives German Cancer Prize 2016

Johannes Zuber, group leader at the Research Institute of Molecular Pathology (IMP) in Vienna, receives the German Cancer Prize 2016 in the category of experimental cancer research.

24 Feb 2016

Investigating mechanism behind development of high-grade serous ovarian cancer

Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey researcher Michael L. Gatza, PhD, has received a $747,000 Pathway to Independence Award (R00-CA166228) from the National Cancer Institute to explore the mechanism behind the development of a subtype of ovarian cancer known as high-grade serous ovarian cancer.

24 Feb 2016

Medical Science News

Medical community has unique role to play in determining future use of mitochondrial replacement techniques

Aggregated forms of transthyretin can trigger JIA development

Scientists develop new optical technique to observe neurotransmitter activity of individual synapses

Clinical validation study on MaterniT GENOME test published in American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology

Moffitt researchers develop novel therapeutic strategy to keep resistant cells in check

Pancreatic cancer identified as four separate diseases with different genetic triggers, survival rates

UNC-Chapel Hill pharmacy researchers use skin cells to destroy brain tumors

New study allows researchers to see how insulin in islets responds to sugar

Study provides pathways to understand complex neurological disorders

New anti-ageing therapy may be effective against aplastic anaemia

Researchers reveal how stress conditions favor lytic reactivation of herpesviruses

Scientists reveal underlying mechanism for formation and growth of epithelial tubes

Ground-breaking discovery could lead to new treatments for diabetes

Research: Impaired immune response significantly involved in rare autoimmune diseases

Okayama University e-Bulletin highlights role of designer DNA-binding proteins to fight viral infections in agriculture, medicine

Active mind may delay symptoms of Alzheimer's disease, but not underlying brain changes

Four molecular subtypes of pancreatic cancer identified

High-salt diet may contribute to liver damage

IMP's Johannes Zuber receives German Cancer Prize 2016

Investigating mechanism behind development of high-grade serous ovarian cancer

Real-time Raman monitoring for pharmaceutical hot melt extrusion

Synthetic Psychedelics: A Growing Public Health Concern

How the Vutara VXL simplifies single-molecule imaging

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