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Artificial Insemination

Artificial insemination (AI) or intrauterine insemination refers to a technique that is used to help infertile couples conceive.

2 Mar 2017

Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Children

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a medical condition that occurs when one stops breathing periodically during sleep. The brief pause in breathing is most often due to obstruction within the airway. Between 1 – 10% of children are believed to be affected by OSA, and those commonly affecte

2 Mar 2017

How are Pediatric Congenital Heart Defects Treated?

Congenital heart defects (CHDs) are the most commonly seen defects that babies are born with. They exist at birth, having arisen during embryonic and/ or fetal growth and development. There are many different recognized types of CHDs, which range from simple defects to more complex ones.

1 Mar 2017

Types of Congenital Heart Defects

The most commonly seen defects at birth are congenital heart defects (CHD). These anomalies arise when there is a failure of the heart or its major blood vessels to form properly during embryonic and/or fetal growth and development.

1 Mar 2017

Biological, Genetic and Environmental Causes of Oppositional Defiant Disorder

According to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders – Fifth Edition (DSM-5), oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) is a recurring pattern of irritable/ angry mood, defiant/ argumentative behavior or vindictiveness that lasts for a period of at least 6 months. It is estimated to occur in between 1 to 16% of children and adolescents.

1 Mar 2017

Treatment and Outlook for Oppositional Defiant Disorder

A recurring pattern of irritable/angry mood, defiant/argumentative behavior, or vindictiveness, that lasts for a period of at least 6 months, defines oppositional defiant disorder (ODD). Seen in as many as 16% of children and adolescents, ODD usually manifests in late preschool or early grade school.

1 Mar 2017

How is Oppositional Defiant Disorder Diagnosed?

Oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) is a mental condition that presents as a recurring pattern of irritable/angry mood, defiant/argumentative behavior, or vindictiveness, that lasts for a period of at least 6 months. While the exact cause of ODD is not clear, biological, genetic and environmental factors are all believed to play their roles.

1 Mar 2017

Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD) Overview

Even well-behaved children may be oppositional at some point in time. Oppositional behavior may be seen particularly when young children are stressed, upset, hungry or tired. This is considered a normal part of development in children between the ages of 2 – 3 years old and in the early adolescent period. However, it becomes abnormal when it is characterized by persistently disobedient, defiant and hostile behavior towards parents and other figures of authority.

1 Mar 2017

Diagnosis and Treatment of Patent Ductus Arteriosus

Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) is a congenital cardiac defect that occurs when the ductus arteriosus fails to close. The result is a persistent communication between the aorta and pulmonary artery, which has several significant consequences for the infant.

1 Mar 2017

Patent Ductus Arteriosus (PDA) Overview

Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA), one of the more common cardiac defects present at birth, is the persistence of an opening between the pulmonary artery and aorta. This opening is as a result of failure of the physiological fetus ductus arteriosus to close, which normally occurs soon after birth. This hole causes high-pressure oxygenated blood from the aorta to mix with oxygen-depleted blood from the pulmonary artery.

1 Mar 2017

Prognosis for Necrotizing Enterocolitis

In necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) the integrity of the bowel wall is compromised by ischemia and inflammation.

1 Mar 2017

Causes and Symptoms of Necrotizing Enterocolitis

Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is the most common cause of gastrointestinal emergencies in newborns. It is manifested by ischemia and inflammation of the intestinal mucosa.

28 Feb 2017

Diagnosis and Treatment of Necrotizing Enterocolitis

Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC), the most common infantile gastrointestinal emergency, is one of the most challenging conditions encountered by pediatric surgeons. It occurs in up to 3 in every 1000 live births, and manifests as intestinal ischemia and inflammation

28 Feb 2017

Necrotizing Enterocolitis (NEC) Overview

Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a life-threatening condition that manifests as inflammation of the intestines. This devastating disease affects mostly premature babies, who account for up to 8 out of every 10 cases. In NEC, bacteria invade the intestinal wall. The resulting local infection and inflammation lead to the destruction of the intestinal lining, even through its entire thickness.

28 Feb 2017

Pathogenesis and Clinical Presentation of Babesiosis

Babesiosis is an illness similar to malaria, that is caused by the intraerythrocytic parasitic species from the genus Babesia, transmitted by ticks. In the last fifty years the epidemiology of babesiosis in humans has shifted from a handful of isolated cases to the established endemic disease in Europe and northeastern and midwestern United States.

28 Feb 2017

Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV) Treatment and Prevention

The Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) is a respiratory virus that was first reported in Saudi Arabia in 2012.

28 Feb 2017

Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV) Epidemiology

Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) represents a novel human coronavirus that was initially reported from Saudi Arabia in 2012.

28 Feb 2017

Teaching old drugs new tricks – drug repurposing for rare diseases

Innovation is something of a buzz-word in modern medicine and rightly so. In order to deliver the best care and treatment to patients it is crucial that we are open to new ideas and encourage scientific advancement.

28 Feb 2017

Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV) Diagnosis

Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) is a novel coronavirus that was discovered in 2012. Since then, sporadic cases, as well as cases caused by transmission in the families, and major outbreaks within healthcare settings, have been described or epidemiologically linked to the Arabian Peninsula.

28 Feb 2017

Treatment and Prevention of Babesiosis

Human babesiosis is an emerging tick-transmitted infection caused by protozoal hematotropic parasites that belong to the genus Babesia. Although this condition is rare, fatal outcomes have been described. For this reason, timely detection, adequate treatment, and prevention efforts are essential tools to control babesiosis.

27 Feb 2017