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DNA, or deoxyribonucleic acid, is the hereditary material in humans and almost all other organisms. Nearly every cell in a person’s body has the same DNA. Most DNA is located in the cell nucleus (where it is called nuclear DNA), but a small amount of DNA can also be found in the mitochondria (where it is called mitochondrial DNA or mtDNA).

RNA splicing abnormalities in COVID-19 patients

This study entailed the integration of multiple-omics datasets to examine the dysregulation in the host splicing mechanism and alteration in protein isoforms among COVID-19 patients.

20 Apr 2022

CryoEM reveals never-before-seen details of the human androgen receptor

Scientists at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (MSK) have glimpsed never-before-seen details of the human androgen receptor - the protein inside of cells that responds to male-typical hormones like testosterone.

20 Apr 2022

Advancements in HIV science

As far as viruses go, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is quite simple. About 100,000 times smaller than a red blood cell, the virus expresses just a dozen proteins, yet it can establish a lifelong infection that, if left untreated, causes acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and death.

20 Apr 2022

Researchers discover more needles in the haystack in the quest to unravel Alzheimer’s disease

21 million. That's the number of genetic variations in the human genome that researchers are sifting to identify patterns predisposing people to Alzheimer's disease.

20 Apr 2022

Single-cell genome sequencing provides a new way to think about Alzheimer’s disease

Alzheimer's disease is marked by a loss of functional neurons in the brain. But what causes this loss? Through single-cell genome sequencing, researchers at Boston Children's Hospital, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and the Broad Institute show that people with Alzheimer's have an abundance of newly acquired mutations in their neurons - more than people of the same age without Alzheimer's, and enough to disable genes important to brain function.

20 Apr 2022

'Epigenetic age' can predict performance on cognitive tests later in life

Epigenetic markers of cognitive aging can predict performance on cognitive tests later in life, according to a study published in the journal Aging.

20 Apr 2022

New technology enables single-cell sorting based on functional outputs

For nearly 40 years, drugmakers have used genetically engineered cells as tiny drug factories. Such cells can be programmed to secrete compounds that yield drugs used to treat cancer and autoimmune conditions such as arthritis.

20 Apr 2022

Little-known protein found to play a role in common neurodegenerative disorder

Scientists have known for years that amyloid fibrils - fibrous, ropelike structures formed by closely linked protein molecules - are present in the brains of patients with Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases and likely play a role in the progression of these disorders.

20 Apr 2022

New deep learning neural network model predicts physical interactions of protein complexes

From the muscle fibers that move us to the enzymes that replicate our DNA, proteins are the molecular machinery that makes life possible.

20 Apr 2022

Levels of little-studied enzyme found to decline with age and more dramatically with Alzheimer’s

A little-studied enzyme has been found in high levels in healthy neurons, levels that scientists say decline with age and more dramatically with Alzheimer's, making adjusting the enzyme's level a potential treatment for both.

19 Apr 2022

Lifelong excess weight almost doubles the risk of developing womb cancer, shows study

New research shows that lifelong excess weight almost doubles a woman's risk of developing womb cancer, according to a Cancer Research UK-funded study published today in BMC Medicine.

19 Apr 2022

Researchers develop and validate polygenic risk scores for six common diseases

A person's risk of developing diseases such as type 2 diabetes or breast cancer may be influenced by thousands of genetic differences.

18 Apr 2022

The involvement of the skeletal muscles in long COVID-19

Researchers reviewed the mechanisms of muscle tissue injury, aggravating conditions, and associated sequelae in long COVID‐19.

18 Apr 2022

RNA interference triggers that target SARS-CoV-2 genome

Researchers screened ribonucleic acid interference against SARS-CoV-2.

18 Apr 2022

Delivery technologies of mRNA and pDNA for advanced therapeutic applications

Innovation Center of NanoMedicine (Center Director: Prof. Kazunori Kataoka) has announced that Prof. Satoshi Uchida (Principal Research Scientist), who is also Associated Professor of the Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, published an article review about non-viral messenger RNA (mRNA) and plasmid DNA (pDNA) delivery by addressing the various delivery technologies of mRNA and pDNA, from basic research to therapeutic and clinical application; Pharmaceutics 2022, 14(4), 810.

15 Apr 2022