Methotrexate is an antimetabolite and antifolate agent with antineoplastic and immunosuppressant activities. Methotrexate binds to and inhibits the enzyme dihydrofolate reductase, resulting in inhibition of purine nucleotide and thymidylate synthesis and, subsequently, inhibition of DNA and RNA syntheses. Methotrexate also exhibits potent immunosuppressant activity although the mechanism(s) of actions is unclear.
Methotrexate is approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to be used by itself to treat the following types of gestational trophoblastic tumors, Chorioadenoma destruens, Choriocarcinoma, Hydatidiform mole. Methotrexate is also approved to be used alone or with other drugs to treat acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) that has spread to the central nervous system (CNS) or to keep it from spreading there, and to treat the following, breast cancer, certain types of head and neck cancer, lung cancer, advanced non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL), advanced mycosis fungoides (a type of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma), osteosarcoma that has not spread to other parts of the body, following surgery to remove the primary tumor. Methotrexate is also approved to treat the following non-cancer conditions, rheumatoid arthritis, severe psoriasis.
According to new research at ACR Convergence 2023, the American College of Rheumatology's (ACR) annual meeting, continuing tumor necrosis factor inhibitors during pregnancy is not associated with worse fetal or obstetric outcomes and may reduce the risk of severe maternal infections during pregnancy (Abstract #0477).
According to a new paper in Rheumatology, published by Oxford University Press, JAK inhibitors, which doctors have used to treat patients with arthritis despite concerns about the effectiveness of such drugs, actually do work quite well.
The use of resistant potato starch (RPS), to modify gut microbial metabolism.
Relief could be on the way for people with painful hand osteoarthritis after a Monash University and Alfred Health-led study found an affordable existing drug can help. Until now there has been no effective treatment.
Gut microbiota's role in leukemia treatment responses is explored, with evidence suggesting diet and prebiotics may help manage microbiota alterations in patients. Diet during pregnancy, breastfeeding, and gut microbiota composition all intersect, potentially influencing leukemia risks and treatment outcomes.
The National Comprehensive Cancer Network- a non-profit alliance of leading cancer centers across the United States - has released a follow-up survey on the ongoing chemotherapy shortages: 72% of the centers surveyed continue to experience a shortage of carboplatin and 59% are still seeing a shortage of cisplatin.
Researchers discuss current therapeutic interventions for atopic dermatitis in children and adolescents.
Researchers analyzed data from a large cohort of inflammatory bowel disease patients and looked at the risk and frequency of colorectal cancer.
This research paper published in Scientific Reports developed pharmacokinetic (PK) pharmacodynamic (PD) models of maintenance therapy for childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL).
Researchers in the Oregon State University College of Pharmacy have developed a drug delivery system that shows promise for greatly enhancing the efficacy of the medicine given to women with the life-threatening condition of ectopic pregnancy, which occurs when a fertilized egg implants somewhere other than the lining of the uterus.
Researchers examined the association between antidrug antibodies and the response to treatments for rheumatoid arthritis.
Two anti-inflammatory drugs, abatacept and infliximab, reduced deaths among patients hospitalized with severe COVID-19, according to a national study led by Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis. William G. Powderly, MD, (right) who led the large clinical trial, discusses patient conditions with Maanasi Samant, MD, in the intensive care unit at Barnes-Jewish Hospital, one of the major trial sites, during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Clinicians have a new standard for graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) prevention after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, according to results from a phase III study published June 22 in the New England Journal of Medicine.
Researchers reveal significant cost savings when generic oncology drugs are purchased through the Mark Cuban Cost Plus Drug Company.
Repeat treatment with corticosteroid injections improved vision in people with persistent or recurrent uveitis-related macular edema better than two other therapies, according to results from a clinical trial funded by the National Eye Institute.
The increased cardiovascular risks in RA include acute coronary syndromes (ACS). The extent to which DMARD-induced remission could reduce the risk of ACS in RA versus rates in the general population – and whether there are DMARD-specific beneficial effects on ACS risk – remain unknown.
Studies on the long-term consequences of COVID-19 (long-COVID) in patients with inflammatory rheumatic diseases (iRD) are scarce.
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease characterized by joint deterioration. The clinical outcomes of patients with active RA can be improved using anti-rheumatic medications, such as methotrexate (MTX).
Crohn's disease is a lifelong inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) that is characterized by swelling in the lining of the digestive tract, causing severe diarrhea, abdominal pain, and rectal bleeding.
The vascular smooth muscle cells that normally give blood vessel walls strength and flexibility proliferate and become destructive in pulmonary hypertension, a typically rapidly progressing condition that makes it hard to get blood inside our lungs and oxygen to our bodies.
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