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DNA, or deoxyribonucleic acid, is the hereditary material in humans and almost all other organisms. Nearly every cell in a person’s body has the same DNA. Most DNA is located in the cell nucleus (where it is called nuclear DNA), but a small amount of DNA can also be found in the mitochondria (where it is called mitochondrial DNA or mtDNA).

Unmasking Nrf2 as a key driver of treatment resistance in osteosarcoma

A deeper understanding of osteosarcoma, the most common primary malignant bone tumor affecting children and adolescents, is reshaping strategies for overcoming treatment resistance.

20 Apr 2025

Exploring the impact of R-loops on genome integrity and disease

This new review article highlights the pivotal and paradoxical role of R-loops in maintaining genomic stability while simultaneously posing risks to it.

19 Apr 2025

Chromosomal rearrangements drive color evolution in stick insects

Understanding the material basis of adaptive evolution has been a central goal in biology dating back to at least the time of Darwin.

18 Apr 2025

Small peptides play big role in halting bacterial translation

Proteins form the structural and functional backbone of the cell, and any perturbation in their synthesis can disrupt normal cellular functions.

18 Apr 2025

New clues on how cells protect chromosome ends during division

A new study from Weill Cornell Medicine provides insights into how cells maintain the tiny end caps of chromosomes as they divide, a key process in keeping cells healthy.

17 Apr 2025

Researchers use algorithm to pinpoint disease risk mutations in noncoding DNA

Researchers from Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (CHOP) and the Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania (Penn Medicine) have successfully employed an algorithm to identify potential mutations which increase disease risk in the noncoding regions our DNA, which make up the vast majority of the human genome.

17 Apr 2025

Study unveils genetic pathway leading to cleft lip and palate formation

Cleft lip and cleft palate are among the most common birth defects, occurring in about one in 1,050 births in the United States.

17 Apr 2025

Seasonal air pollution found to undermine IVF success

Exposure to fine particulate matter during fertility treatment windows—especially in winter—negatively impacts pregnancy and live birth rates

17 Apr 2025

New tool simplifies genomic research and boosts medical breakthroughs

A University of Virginia School of Medicine scientist and collaborators have developed a much-needed new tool to increase the efficiency of genomic research and accelerate the development of new ways to improve human health.

16 Apr 2025

FOXR2 activation found in multiple pediatric brain tumor types

Physicians classify brain tumors and determine treatment options, in part, by the genes they express. According to World Health Organization standards, the abnormal activation of oncogene FOXR2 only occurs in central nervous system (CNS) neuroblastoma, but that may not be true.

16 Apr 2025

Novel strategy for treating acute myelogenous leukemia identified

A Ludwig Cancer Research study has identified a novel strategy for treating acute myelogenous leukemia (AML), an aggressive blood cancer for which the median survival time following diagnosis remains just 8.5 months.

16 Apr 2025

Study identifies DNA methylation entropy as a biomarker for aging

A new research paper was published in Aging (Aging-US) Volume 17, Issue 3, on March 12, 2025, titled "DNA methylation entropy is a biomarker for aging."

16 Apr 2025

Comparing single cell RNA methods to improve gastrointestinal cancer research

Research on gastrointestinal diseases, especially cancer, has mainly looked at the epithelial cells, which line the surfaces of organs, are important for various functions, and are believed to be the cells that go awry to cause these diseases.

16 Apr 2025

New enzyme family enables targeted cuts in single-stranded DNA

An INRS team discovers a new family of enzymes capable of inducing targeted cuts in single-stranded DNA .

16 Apr 2025

New genetic clues uncovered in epilepsy drug resistance

Certain common genetic changes might make some people with focal epilepsy less responsive to seizure medications, finds a new global study led by researchers at UCL and UTHealth Houston.

16 Apr 2025

New discoveries explain how DNA repair signals are controlled

Researchers from the University of Birmingham have uncovered answers that provide the detail to explain two specific DNA repair processes that have long been in question.

16 Apr 2025

Blood test for tumor DNA may predict melanoma recurrence

Monitoring blood levels of DNA fragments shed by dying tumor cells may accurately predict skin cancer recurrence, a new study shows.

15 Apr 2025

Peanuts pack a punch for youth: study finds cellular benefits

Daily consumption of skin-roasted peanuts for six months led to a modest but significant increase in telomere length among young, healthy adults, while peanut butter did not show this effect.

15 Apr 2025

Study reveals CT scan overuse could account for 1 in 20 new US cancers

A new study projects that CT scans performed in the US in 2023 could cause around 103,000 future cancers, potentially accounting for 5% of all new cancer diagnoses. Researchers highlight that while individual risks are small, the population impact of unnecessary or high-dose CT imaging is significant.

15 Apr 2025

Multiple myeloma care improved using innovative optical genome mapping

Researchers have demonstrated the potential of the innovative optical genome mapping (OGM) technique for the diagnosis, prognosis, and therapeutic management of multiple myeloma.

15 Apr 2025