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Researchers uncover how rogue immune cells gain access to neurons in multiple sclerosis

Drug designers working on therapeutics against multiple sclerosis should focus on blocking two distinct ways rogue immune cells attack healthy neurons, according to a new study in the journal Cell Reports.

21 Nov 2017

High-fat diet during lactation alters RNA activity in breast milk, research suggests

New research suggests that following a high-fat diet during lactation - regardless of diet during pregnancy - alters RNA activity in breast milk. The changes in genetic material may increase the risk of metabolic disorders such as type 2 diabetes in offspring. The article is published ahead of print in Physiological Genomics.

21 Nov 2017

Biologists reveal how bacterial cells thrive in oxygen-poor environments

Columbia University biologists have revealed a mechanism by which bacterial cells in crowded, oxygen-deprived environments access oxygen for energy production, ensuring survival of the cell. The finding could explain how some bacteria, such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa), are able to thrive in oxygen-poor environments like biofilms and resist antibiotics.

21 Nov 2017

Researchers propose theory for high incidence of post-stroke delirium and spatial neglect

Stroke researchers at Kessler Foundation have proposed a theory for the high incidence of delirium and spatial neglect after right-brain stroke. Their findings are detailed in "Disruption of the ascending arousal system and cortical attention network in post-stroke delirium and spatial neglect," which was published online ahead of print on September 27, 2017 by Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews.

21 Nov 2017

Drug could be repurposed to help end transplant rejection

A diabetes drug currently undergoing development could be repurposed to help end transplant rejection, without the side-effects of current immunosuppressive drugs, according to new research by Queen Mary University of London.

21 Nov 2017

Scientists show how diaper phantoms can improve tumor measurements

Catching cancer early can make all the difference for successful treatment. A common screening practice measures tumor growth with X-ray computed tomography, which takes a series of cross-section images of the body.

21 Nov 2017

Newly discovered drug-like compound may revolutionize treatment of autoimmune diseases

University of Colorado Boulder researchers have discovered a potent, drug-like compound that could someday revolutionize treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and other autoimmune diseases by inhibiting a protein instrumental in prompting the body to start attacking its own tissue.

21 Nov 2017

Simple test could help predict best treatment for cystic fibrosis patients

Several cutting-edge treatments have become available in recent years to correct the debilitating chronic lung congestion associated with cystic fibrosis. While the new drugs are life-changing for some patients, they do not work for everyone.

21 Nov 2017

Unusual snapping turtle study enhances understanding of congenital lung abnormality

A study of an unusual snapping turtle with one lung found shared characteristics with humans born with one lung who survive beyond infancy. Digital 3D anatomical models created by Emma Schachner, PhD, Assistant Professor of Cell Biology & Anatomy at LSU Health New Orleans School of Medicine, made the detailed research possible.

21 Nov 2017

New research finds out how cinnamon may help fight against obesity

New research from the University of Michigan Life Sciences Institute has determined how a common holiday spice--cinnamon--might be enlisted in the fight against obesity.

21 Nov 2017

Physical fitness in children linked to greater volume of gray matter in brain regions

Researchers from the University of Granada have proven, for the first time in history, that physical fitness in children may affect their brain structure, which in turn may have an influence on their academic performance.

21 Nov 2017

‘Chemo brain’ may start as tumors form and develop, suggests study

The memory and thinking problems experienced by cancer survivors, known as "chemo brain" or "chemo fog," are not just the result of chemotherapy treatment, they may start as tumors form and develop, suggests a Baycrest-led study.

21 Nov 2017

Researchers identify previously unknown breast cell types

A joint effort by breast cancer researchers and bioinformaticians has provided new insights into the molecular changes that drive breast development.

21 Nov 2017

Liver disease in children with Alagille Syndrome caused by malformations of bile ducts

Serious liver and heart problems can affect children with Alagille Syndrome early in life. While there is as yet no cure, researchers at Karolinska Institutet in Sweden have discovered that the liver disease part of the syndrome is caused by specific malformations of the bile ducts.

21 Nov 2017

Anti-diabetic drug can enhance repair of UV-induced DNA damage in cells of ‘Moon children’

The destructive force of UV radiation on DNA molecules is only fully visible, when repair mechanisms fail: patients with the rare genetic disease Xeroderma pigmentosum - also known as 'Moon children' - develop inflammations upon exposure to only small amounts of sunlight, rough-surfaced growths and eventually skin cancer occurs often in early age.

21 Nov 2017

Diabetes patients’ immune system can regulate insulin production

Inflammation processes are responsible for the failure of insulin production in diabetes patients. The patients' own immune systems can contribute to treatment of this disease: researchers at the University of Basel and University Hospital Basel have found a feedback mechanism that could help maintain insulin production in overweight sufferers, as they report in the journal Immunity.

21 Nov 2017

Penn researchers find evidence of new malaria species in wild bonobos

Malaria parasites, although widespread among wild chimpanzees and gorillas, have not been detected in bonobos, a chimp cousin. Reasoning that previous studies may have missed infected bonobo populations, a team led by Beatrice Hahn, MD, a professor of Microbiology in the Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, conducted a more extensive survey, increasing both the number and places they sampled wild bonobo populations.

21 Nov 2017

Sensors for identifying biomarkers could help detect myriad of diseases at early stages

Purdue University researchers have found a method of identifying biological markers in small amounts of blood that they believe could be used to detect a myriad of diseases, infections and different medical conditions at early stages.

21 Nov 2017

Study identifies substance released by pancreatic cancer cells to disarm attacking macrophages

A new study by researchers at The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center - James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute identifies a substance released by pancreatic cancer cells that protect them from attack by immune cells called macrophages.

21 Nov 2017

$10 million gift creates new center at Northwestern University to study effects of environment on genes

A new $10 million gift from University trustees and supporters Louis A. Simpson '58 and Kimberly K. Querrey will create a center at Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine to study the effects of environment on the activation and expression of genes.

21 Nov 2017

Medical Science News

Researchers uncover how rogue immune cells gain access to neurons in multiple sclerosis

High-fat diet during lactation alters RNA activity in breast milk, research suggests

Biologists reveal how bacterial cells thrive in oxygen-poor environments

Researchers propose theory for high incidence of post-stroke delirium and spatial neglect

Drug could be repurposed to help end transplant rejection

Scientists show how diaper phantoms can improve tumor measurements

Newly discovered drug-like compound may revolutionize treatment of autoimmune diseases

Simple test could help predict best treatment for cystic fibrosis patients

Unusual snapping turtle study enhances understanding of congenital lung abnormality

New research finds out how cinnamon may help fight against obesity

Physical fitness in children linked to greater volume of gray matter in brain regions

‘Chemo brain’ may start as tumors form and develop, suggests study

Researchers identify previously unknown breast cell types

Liver disease in children with Alagille Syndrome caused by malformations of bile ducts

Anti-diabetic drug can enhance repair of UV-induced DNA damage in cells of ‘Moon children’

Diabetes patients’ immune system can regulate insulin production

Penn researchers find evidence of new malaria species in wild bonobos

Sensors for identifying biomarkers could help detect myriad of diseases at early stages

Study identifies substance released by pancreatic cancer cells to disarm attacking macrophages

$10 million gift creates new center at Northwestern University to study effects of environment on genes

Fourier 80: bringing benchtop NMR systems to the laboratory

How industrial hygiene flow calibration supports defensible exposure data

How electrical engineering ensures accurate calibration and patient safety

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