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CPR in Babies

Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) may be required whenever a baby stops breathing or the heart stops beating.

27 May 2018

Sonic Hedgehog Medulloblastoma Symptoms

Medulloblastomas are tumors arising from embryonal cells in the brain, and occur in various histologic as well as molecular subtypes. In 8 out of 10 children, these tumors arise in the posterior fossa region near the fourth ventricle. However, sonic hedgehog (SHH) tumors arise more often in the lateral hemispheres of the cerebellum, away from the midline.

27 May 2018

Should MRI be Used to Diagnose Prostate Cancer?

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a non-invasive diagnostic technique for producing three-dimensional scans of body organs.

25 May 2018

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome and Metabolic Syndrome

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a disorder which may present in different ways, and affects about 5-8% of women of reproductive age in the USA.

25 May 2018

Dental Abscess Symptoms

An abscess is a pus filled, swollen tissue. It is caused by a bacterial infection. The body’s response to the infection is sending white blood cells to fight the bacteria. This results in the formation of pus in the location. A dental abscess is a pus-filled cavity in the mouth. It could be located within the tooth in the pulp, or in the space between the gums and the tooth.

25 May 2018

Indications and Contraindications for Hysterosalpingography

Hysterosalpingography is a hundred-year old diagnostic radiological technique which is used primarily to investigate female infertility. It is based upon the use of fluoroscopic screening of the uterus and the fallopian tubes as a radio-opaque contrast medium is flushed through them.

25 May 2018

What is Hysterosalpingography?

Hysterosalpingography (often abbreviated as HSG) is a diagnostic imaging technique used primarily in the investigation of female infertility. It has been in use for a hundred years, with the first one having been performed in 1917.

25 May 2018

What are Nanoelectronic Biosensors?

Nanoelectronic biosensors are nanostructured semiconducting materials aimed at addressing nanomolecules to facilitate appropriate solutions for biological activities at the cellular level. The past two decades have seen the emergence of research endeavors to empirically study the capability of nanoelectronic biosensors in medicine.

25 May 2018

Pituitary Gland Hormones and Functions

The pituitary gland plays a role in regulating the functions of other endocrine glands and maintaining blood hormone levels.

25 May 2018

Systemic Antifungals: An Overview

Topical antifungals are generally and extensively used in the management of superficial fungal infections in both adults and children. However, systemic antifungals began to be used with the development of amphotericin B-deoxycholate by Squibb Laboratories in 1958.

25 May 2018

Keratoacanthoma Treatments and Management

Keratoacanthoma is an abnormal growth on the surface of the skin.

25 May 2018

Diagnosis of Severe Combined Immunodeficiency (SCID)

Severe Combined Immunodeficiency (SCID) is a rare congenital disorder characterized by severely compromised host immune response.

25 May 2018

Risk Factors for Anti-NMDA Receptor Encephalitis

Anti-NMDAR encephalitis is a condition in which acute psychiatric symptoms and physical signs develop following the development of autoimmune antibodies to N-methyl D-aspartate (NMDAR) receptors. These receptors are made up of 2 subunits, the NR1 and the NR2 (which is of several types - A, B, C or D) combined in several different combinations.

25 May 2018

Status Epilepticus Risk Factors and Complications

Status epilepticus (SE) is a condition in which seizure activity in the brain persists for prolonged periods of time. It is associated with significant mortality of 15-22% in adults and has a high complication rate. The potential complications are multi-organ in range and may occur at any stage of SE. The early detection and treatment of complications is a crucial step in ensuring the best prognosis for SE.

24 May 2018

What is Anti-NMDA Receptor Encephalitis?

The N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDAR) are cation channels in the brain that play important roles in the transmission of nerve impulses and neuronal plasticity. These ligand-gated channels have two subunits, they bind glycine on one subunit, called the NR1 subunit, while the NR2 subunit, which can be A, B, C or D in type, binds glutamate. Different forms of NMDA receptors exist based upon the varying combinations of subunits.

24 May 2018

Severe Combined Immunodeficiency (SCID) Causes

Severe Combined Immunodeficiency (SCID) is a rare, life-threatening immunological disorder characterized due to the lack of B-lymphocyte and T-lymphocyte functioning. Sporadic (occasional) malfunctioning of natural killer (NK) cells can also result this condition.

24 May 2018

What’s the Difference Between Fructose and Glucose?

Fructose and glucose are both simple monosaccharide sugars. Both starch and sugar, whether sucrose or high-fructose corn syrup (HCFS), yield glucose in large amounts when digested.

24 May 2018

What is Quadriceps-Sparing Myopathy?

Quadriceps-sparing myopathy is the name formerly used for the commonest clinical condition among a group of syndromes called the hereditary inclusion body myopathies (HIBM). They are characterized by progressive disability with marked sparing of muscle strength in the quadriceps muscles of the thigh. They all show a similar picture at biopsy.

24 May 2018

Quadriceps Tendon Rupture

Quadriceps tendon rupture is a relatively rare injury which should be diagnosed early and treated promptly by surgery.

24 May 2018

Sleep Paralysis Treatment and Prevention

Sleep paralysis is a parasomnia or disorder related to sleep. In an episode of sleep paralysis, the person may experience temporary paralysis of the muscles which does not allow movement. The person may not be able to speak either. Those who are unable to open their eyes may hallucinate about a supernatural presence is in the room that seeks to do them harm.

24 May 2018