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Cystinuria - Excess Cystine in Urine

Cystinuria is an inherited health condition that involves the excretion of excess cystine and other dibasic amino acids in the urine. Although cystinuria itself doesn’t cause noticeable symptoms, the increased concentration of cystine puts patients at risk of kidney stone formation, which can lead to severe pain and other related complications.

10 Jan 2016

Torn Frenulum (Banjo String)

A frenulum is a small fold of connective tissue that helps to secure the motion of a bodily organ, such as the fold of skin under the tongue, under the upper lip or connecting the foreskin of the penis. The frenulum of the foreskin is also known as the banjo string, and tearing of this tissue can result in painful symptoms.

23 Dec 2015

Causes of penis lumps

There are many possible causes of penis lumps, most of which are harmless but some may have serious effects and require timely treatment. For this reason, it is essential to be able to distinguish between different causes of penis lumps, in order to decide upon the most suitable management plan.

23 Dec 2015

Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis Treatment

The current treatment for IPF involves symptom relief and reducing the progression of the disease.

21 Dec 2015

Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis Diagnosis

The diagnosis of IPF involves questioning the patient on their medical history and examinations.

21 Dec 2015

Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis Triggers

The exact cause and pathology of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) are unknown.

21 Dec 2015

What is Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis?

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a health condition involving the progressive scarring and thickening of the lungs.

21 Dec 2015

Thalamotomy, Pallidotomy and Subthalamotomy

Lesioning surgery is a procedure that involves purposefully damaging select areas of the brain, to help in the management of a health condition, such as Parkinson’s disease. There are several types of lesioning surgery, including thalamotomy, pallidotomy and subthalamotomy, according to the area of the brain that is targeted.

21 Dec 2015

Sensory Neuropathy and Sjögren’s Syndrome

Sensory neuronopathy and Sjögren's syndrome are two distinct health conditions that are closely linked.

20 Dec 2015

What is Pharmacogenomics?

Pharmacogenomics combines pharmacology with genomics to establish effective ways to use medications in respect to the genetic makeup of each individual.

20 Dec 2015

Glycolysis Metabolic Pathway

Glycolysis is a term used to describe the metabolic pathway involving the degradation of glucose into pyruvate and energy used to form ATP and NADH.

20 Dec 2015

Cataplexy mechanism

Cataplexy is a sudden episode of muscle weakness that occurs while fully aware and conscious. It can be triggered by emotional events, such as laughing, crying or fear, and is usually transient in nature.

15 Dec 2015

Narcolepsy and swine flu vaccine

There have been several reports suggesting that the swine flu vaccine may cause narcolepsy in rare cases.

15 Dec 2015

Insulin's Role in the Human Body

Insulin is a hormone produced by the pancreas that has a number of important functions in the human body.

14 Dec 2015

Preventing leg cramps

It may not be necessary to prevent leg cramps if they are relatively mild and do not often occur, such that they have an insignificant impact on the quality of life.

13 Dec 2015

Cramp Causes

Cramp involves the involuntary spasm of muscles, usually in the legs, that is transient in nature.

13 Dec 2015

Diabetic eye disease / diabetic retinopathy stages

Diabetic eye, also known as diabetic retinopathy, is a complication of diabetes that involves damage to the blood vessels in the eye, as a result of high blood sugar levels.

13 Dec 2015

Polypharmacology: The Future of Drug Discovery?

Polypharmacology involves the pharmaceutical compounds that exert an effect on multiple targets in the body.

13 Dec 2015

Pharmacogenetics: past, present and future

Pharmacogenetics, also now known as pharmacogenomics, is the study of genetic variability in the response to drug treatment.

10 Dec 2015

Alzheimer’s tangles and plaques: what’s the difference?

Dr. Alois Alzheimer first described both amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles early in the twentieth century, who noticed the unique structure were evident in patients with certain symptoms, now known as Alzheimer’s disease.

10 Dec 2015