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Tamiflu - Oseltamivir Production

Oseltamivir is an antiviral drug used in the treatment and prophylaxis of both influenza virus A and influenza virus B. It was approved for seasonal influenza by US Food and Drug Administration in 1999, and approval from Japanese agencies and the European Medicines Agency (EMA) followed soon afterwards.

22 Mar 2010

Vitamin A Toxicity

Also called hypervitaminosis A, Vitamin A toxicity describes the toxic effects that occur when there is too much preformed vitamin A in the body. Vitamin A is a fat soluble vitamin that gets stored in the body in the form of retinol.

22 Mar 2010

Vitamin A Deficiency

Vitamin A deficiency is a major health problem that affects around one third of children aged under five years. Vitamin A deficiency causes blindness in about 250,000–500,000 children from developing countries every year and the highest prevalence is in Southeast Asia and Africa. According to the Global Alliance for Vitamin A, several strategies should be encouraged to help manage this problem and some of these are described below.

22 Mar 2010

Vitamin A Functions

Vitamin A is required for several vital functions in the body. Some of the most important functions of Vitamin A are described below.

22 Mar 2010

Vitamin A Food Sources

Vitamin A is found in several food sources and adequate amounts are generally provided by a healthy, balanced diet with no need for extra supplementation. Vitamin A is available in both animal and plant foods, as well as in the form of artificial supplements.

22 Mar 2010

Vitamin A History

The earliest clues to be discovered that led to the identification of Vitamin A and its deficiency date back as far as 1819, when a physiologist called Magendie found that malnourished dogs tended to develop corneal ulcers and their risk of death was increased.

22 Mar 2010

What is Vitamin A?

Vitamin A is a fat soluble vitamin that is required for a number of bodily functions. This vitamin is needed to maintain good vision and a healthy immune system, as well as being essential for growth and development.

22 Mar 2010

What is Vasculitis?

Vasculitis literally means inflammation of blood vessels and includes many different conditions.

22 Mar 2010

Hemophilia Differential Diagnosis

Hemophilia refers to a group of disorders that affect the blood’s clotting ability or coagulation.

15 Mar 2010

Hemophilia Genetics

Hemophilia is a rare inherited bleeding disorder where the blood fails to clot normally due to a lack of blood clotting proteins known as clotting factors.

15 Mar 2010

Haemophilia Treatments

Hemophilia cannot be cured but when the condition is managed with medication, many patients experience a normal quality of life.

15 Mar 2010

Haemophilia Symptoms

The symptoms of hemophilia may not develop for many years and they vary in severity depending on how deficient clotting factors are. However, the main symptom is prolonged bleeding after an injury.

15 Mar 2010

Haemophilia Causes

Hemophilia is a bleeding disorder that is inherited from one or both parents. The condition is an X-linked genetic disorder, meaning it mainly affects males rather than females.

15 Mar 2010

What is Hemophilia?

Hemophilia is an inherited disorder that affects the blood’s clotting capacity. Normally, when a person cuts themselves, clotting factors in the blood bind with platelets and blood cells to make it sticky, which eventually prevents bleeding.

15 Mar 2010

Insomnia Treatment

Insomnia is an inability to fall asleep or stay asleep long enough to feel well-rested and refreshed in the morning.

15 Mar 2010

Insomnia Causes

Insomnia refers an inability to fall asleep or stay asleep for long enough to feel refreshed in the morning, despite adequate opportunity to sleep.

15 Mar 2010

Insomnia Symptoms

Insomnia is a sleep disorder that affects a person’s ability to fall asleep or stay asleep for long enough to feel replenished the following day.

15 Mar 2010

What is Insomnia?

Insomnia is a condition in which it is difficult to get to sleep, or to remain soundly asleep, resulting in too short and too low-quality sleep which affects normal functioning. It causes fatigue and daytime sleepiness. It may be classified as acute, lasting a few days or weeks, or chronic, when it lasts longer than a month.

15 Mar 2010

Nicotine and Schizophrenia

Nicotine and its association with several mental health disorders including schizophrenia is a widely studied area. The association, however, is not clearly understood. Studies have been carried out to isolate the nicotine metabolites present in both animal and human brains, but particularly in people with schizophrenia.

11 Mar 2010

Nicotine Withdrawal

Nicotine, when smoked, sniffed or chewed, is absorbed into the bloodstream through the mucous membranes of the throat, nose or mouth as well as through the mucosal lining of the airways. It can also be absorbed into the bloodstream through the skin.

11 Mar 2010