What is the purpose of this study?  In a time where we don't have enough physician providers why question which sex provides superior care. There are great and poor male and female docs.  This study is retrospective and the exclusion criteria needs to be closely evaluated.  If you wish to answer this question in this day and age with hospitalists and shifts affecting the patient care, you won't be able to separate cares. How foolish and misguided.  Wonder what the true underlying purpose to place this in the "scientific" literature is?  I am discouraged by what we are spending our research resources on these days.