Physiology News and Research

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Human physiology is the science of the mechanical, physical, and biochemical functions of humans in good health, their organs, and the cells of which they are composed. The principal level of focus of physiology is at the level of organs and systems. Most aspects of human physiology are closely homologous to corresponding aspects of animal physiology, and animal experimentation has provided much of the foundation of physiological knowledge. Anatomy and physiology are closely related fields of study: anatomy, the study of form, and physiology, the study of function, are intrinsically tied and are studied in tandem as part of a medical curriculum.

Study examines impact of removing chocolate milk from Saskatoon elementary schools

Researchers from the College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan measured milk consumption (plain milk and flavoured milk) by children in a sample of Saskatoon elementary schools. This is the first study in a Canadian elementary school population to investigate the impact of removing chocolate milk from schools.

15 Jan 2015

Vascular and Alzheimer's-related brain abnormalities cause dementia in older people

A growing body of research suggests that the most common cause of dementia in older people is a mix of vascular and Alzheimer's-related brain abnormalities, and that approximately half of people who die with Alzheimer's also have evidence of strokes in their brains. Furthermore, when strokes and hallmark Alzheimer's plaques and tangles are combined, it increases a person's likelihood of experiencing dementia.

15 Jan 2015

Weightlessness in space causes blood shift in astronauts

In a study published today in The Journal of Physiology, researchers found that in space, the shift of blood and fluid from the lower to the upper body caused by weightlessness is much higher and the blood pressure much lower than previously thought.

14 Jan 2015

Study: Community-wide CVD prevention programs help reduce hospitalizations, death rates

In a rural Maine county, sustained, community-wide programs targeting cardiovascular risk factors and behavior changes were associated with reductions in hospitalization and death rates over a 40-year period (1970-2010) compared with the rest of the state. Substantial improvements were seen in control of hypertension and cholesterol, and smoking cessation, according to a study in the January 13 issue of JAMA.

13 Jan 2015

U-M researchers identify how amlexanox drug improves metabolism of sugar

Researchers at the University of Michigan have identified how a promising drug in clinical trials for the treatment of obesity and related metabolic disorders improves the metabolism of sugar by generating a new signal between fat cells and the liver.

13 Jan 2015

TSRI researchers identify enzyme that produces inflammatory lipid molecules in the brain

A team led by scientists at The Scripps Research Institute has identified an enzyme that produces a class of inflammatory lipid molecules in the brain. Abnormally high levels of these molecules appear to cause a rare inherited neurodegenerative disorder, and that disorder now may be treatable if researchers can develop suitable drug candidates that inhibit this enzyme.

13 Jan 2015

New project explores role of gut microbiota in preventing diet- and brain-related diseases

A new project comprising thirty organisations from fifteen countries has started working together to study the microorganisms in our intestines and the role they play in health, well-being, and how they can help prevent diet- and brain-related diseases.

12 Jan 2015

CHLA scientists grow tissue-engineered small intestine from human cells

A new study by researchers at Children's Hospital Los Angeles has shown that tissue-engineered small intestine grown from human cells replicates key aspects of a functioning human intestine. The tissue-engineered small intestine they developed contains important elements of the mucosal lining and support structures, including the ability to absorb sugars, and even tiny or ultra-structural components like cellular connections.

9 Jan 2015

Researchers to explore physical, psychological effects of ultra-endurance running

In the upcoming Race Across USA, ultra-endurance athletes will run a marathon a day as they cover 3,080 miles from California to Maryland.

8 Jan 2015

Enzymes linked to diabetes, obesity play major roles in arthritis and leukemia

Enzymes linked to diabetes and obesity appear to play key roles in arthritis and leukemia, potentially opening up new avenues for treating these diverse diseases, according to new research at Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis.

8 Jan 2015

McGill University researchers identify network of complex neurons in the brain

Our ability to pay attention to certain things while ignoring distractions determines how good we are at a given task, whether it is driving a car or doing brain surgery. A research team at McGill University has for the first time convincingly identified a network of neurons in a particular area of the brain, the lateral prefrontal cortex, that interact with one another to promptly filter visual information while at the same time ignoring distractions. It's a discovery with potentially far reaching implications for people who suffer from diseases such as autism, ADHD and schizophrenia.

7 Jan 2015

Research may provide new route to prevention and treatment of diabetes

An analysis of the genomes and epigenomes of lean and obese mice and humans has turned up a wealth of clues about how genes and the environment conspire to trigger diabetes, Johns Hopkins researchers say.

6 Jan 2015

Study: Placental cells may possibly treat damaged nerves

New findings suggest that placental cells may potentially treat damaged nerves possibly leading the way to new treatment for stroke patients.

5 Jan 2015

People urged to seek healthy eating information from registered dietitian nutritionists

For many people, the New Year is an opportunity for a fresh look at life - a time to resolve to return to or even begin a healthy lifestyle.

23 Dec 2014

Endogenous retroviruses play critical role in body's immune defense against bacterial, viral pathogens

Retroviruses are best known for causing contagious scourges such as AIDS, or more sporadically, cancer.

23 Dec 2014

Resveratrol activates ancient stress response in human cells, shows study

Scientists at The Scripps Research Institute (TSRI) have found that resveratrol, the red-wine ingredient once touted as an elixir of youth, powerfully activates an evolutionarily ancient stress response in human cells.

23 Dec 2014

UCLA researchers uncover potential to restore lost memories in patients with early Alzheimer's

New UCLA research indicates that lost memories can be restored. The findings offer some hope for patients in the early stages of Alzheimer's disease.

23 Dec 2014

Eating habits and brain chemistry: an interview with Dr Kevin Hall

Several times every day, we choose when, where, what, with whom, and how much to eat. Many of these eating decisions have become automatic and don’t require cognitive effort.

22 Dec 2014

Mexican study shows mobility can be restored in patients with Parkinson's disease

Mexican scientists demonstrated experimentally, with adult rats, that mobility can be restored in patients with Parkinson's disease, the major degenerative disease of the motor system worldwide.

22 Dec 2014

Endogenous retroviruses also play critical role in the body's immune defense against pathogens

Retroviruses are best known for causing contagious scourges such as AIDS, or more sporadically, cancer.

19 Dec 2014

Physiology News and Research

Study examines impact of removing chocolate milk from Saskatoon elementary schools

Vascular and Alzheimer's-related brain abnormalities cause dementia in older people

Weightlessness in space causes blood shift in astronauts

Study: Community-wide CVD prevention programs help reduce hospitalizations, death rates

U-M researchers identify how amlexanox drug improves metabolism of sugar

TSRI researchers identify enzyme that produces inflammatory lipid molecules in the brain

New project explores role of gut microbiota in preventing diet- and brain-related diseases

CHLA scientists grow tissue-engineered small intestine from human cells

Researchers to explore physical, psychological effects of ultra-endurance running

Enzymes linked to diabetes, obesity play major roles in arthritis and leukemia

McGill University researchers identify network of complex neurons in the brain

Research may provide new route to prevention and treatment of diabetes

Study: Placental cells may possibly treat damaged nerves

People urged to seek healthy eating information from registered dietitian nutritionists

Endogenous retroviruses play critical role in body's immune defense against bacterial, viral pathogens

Resveratrol activates ancient stress response in human cells, shows study

UCLA researchers uncover potential to restore lost memories in patients with early Alzheimer's

Eating habits and brain chemistry: an interview with Dr Kevin Hall

Mexican study shows mobility can be restored in patients with Parkinson's disease

Endogenous retroviruses also play critical role in the body's immune defense against pathogens

Designing fluidic architecture for scalable diagnostic platforms

Evaluating new approaches for rare disease genomics

Expanding access to NMR with the Fourier 80 Duo

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