Physiology News and Research

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Human physiology is the science of the mechanical, physical, and biochemical functions of humans in good health, their organs, and the cells of which they are composed. The principal level of focus of physiology is at the level of organs and systems. Most aspects of human physiology are closely homologous to corresponding aspects of animal physiology, and animal experimentation has provided much of the foundation of physiological knowledge. Anatomy and physiology are closely related fields of study: anatomy, the study of form, and physiology, the study of function, are intrinsically tied and are studied in tandem as part of a medical curriculum.

John O'Keefe, May-Britt Moser and Edvard I. Moser win 2014 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine

The 2014 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine has been awarded with one half to John O'Keefe and the other half jointly to May-Britt Moser and Edvard I. Moser "for their discoveries of cells that constitute a positioning system in the brain".

6 Oct 2014

New method for extracting potential bone-producing cells from human fat

Within our fat lives a variety of cells with the potential to become bone, cartilage, or more fat if properly prompted. This makes adipose tissue, in theory, a readily available reservoir for regenerative therapies such as bone healing if doctors can get enough of those cells and compel them to produce bone.

6 Oct 2014

Energy drinks increase frequency of insomnia, nervousness in athletes

A study analysing the positive and negative effects of energy drinks on athletes has seen that, although in principle their sports performance was seen to improve by between 3% and 7%, there was also an increase in the frequency of insomnia, nervousness and the level of stimulation in the hours following competition.

3 Oct 2014

ERK and JNK enzymes may offer solutions for treating endometrial, colon cancers

In the quest to solve cancer's mysteries, they come in handy when describing tongue-twisting processes and pathways that somehow allow tumors to form and thrive. Two examples are ERK (extracellular-signal-related kinase) and JNK (c-June N-Terminal Kinase), enzymes that may offer unexpected solutions for treating some endometrial and colon cancers.

3 Oct 2014

MD Anderson's James P. Allison to receive 2014 Louisa Gross Horwitz Prize for work on immunotherapy

Columbia University will award the 2014 Louisa Gross Horwitz Prize to James P. Allison, PhD, of the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, for his work on understanding the process of T-cell activation and for developing therapies that harness the immune system to fight cancer.

3 Oct 2014

Study uncovers new pathway for treating high blood pressure, heart failure

New research by scientists at the University of Maryland School of Medicine and the Ottawa Heart Institute has uncovered a new pathway by which the brain uses an unusual steroid to control blood pressure.

3 Oct 2014

Resistance exercise can improve episodic memory, shows study

Here's another reason why it's a good idea to hit the gym: it can improve memory. A new Georgia Institute of Technology study shows that an intense workout of as little as 20 minutes can enhance episodic memory, also known as long-term memory for previous events, by about 10 percent in healthy young adults.

1 Oct 2014

Genetic susceptibility to psychosocial stress can increase risk of cardiovascular disease

A new genetic finding from Duke Medicine suggests that some people who are prone to hostility, anxiety and depression might also be hard-wired to gain weight when exposed to chronic stress, leading to diabetes and heart disease.

1 Oct 2014

Managing diabetes and intensive exercise: an interview with Dr Rafael Castol, Team Novo Nordisk

Team Novo Nordisk is a professional cycling team that races at UCI Pro Continental level. It's the first ever team to be made up of athletes diagnosed with Type 1 diabetes. The team was created three years ago, and is part of the Changing Diabetes initiative developed by Novo Nordisk.

From Novo Nordisk 1 Oct 2014

West Virginia University receives NIH award as part of BRAIN initiative

In its first wave of funding awards, a new presidential project aimed at revolutionizing our understanding of the human brain has pledged its support to a group of researchers led by West Virginia University faculty working to change the future of brain imaging.

1 Oct 2014

TSRI study points way to potential therapies for hereditary spastic paraplegia

Scientists at The Scripps Research Institute have discovered that a gene mutation linked to hereditary spastic paraplegia, a disabling neurological disorder, interferes with the normal breakdown of triglyceride fat molecules in the brain. The TSRI researchers found large droplets of triglycerides within the neurons of mice modeling the disease.

30 Sep 2014

More reliable cardiorespiratory fitness data can be obtained using lean mass proportional measures

A recent study by the University of Eastern Finland shows that scaling maximal oxygen uptake and maximal workload by body weight confounds measures of cardiorespiratory fitness. It has been a common practice in exercise testing to scale the results by body weight and, according to researchers, this practice should be abandoned. More reliable data on cardiorespiratory fitness can be observed by using lean mass proportional measures.

25 Sep 2014

Pitt researchers awarded new $5.8 million NIH grant to develop microfluidic 3D liver model system

With a new $5.8 million, three-year award from the National Institutes of Health, researchers at the University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine will further develop a state-of-the-art, microfluidic 3D model system that mimics structure and function of the liver to better predict organ physiology, assess drug toxicity and build disease models.

25 Sep 2014

Dynamical glucometry may uncover new ways of understanding diabetes

For millions of people in the United States living with Type 1 or Type 2 diabetes, measuring the daily rise and fall of blood glucose (sugar) is a way of life.

24 Sep 2014

NIH awards $10.1 million in supplemental funding to study effects of sex in preclinical, clinical studies

The National Institutes of Health has awarded $10.1 million in supplemental funding to bolster the research of 82 grantees to explore the effects of sex in preclinical and clinical studies.

24 Sep 2014

Exercise may have added benefit for cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy: Study

Study after study has proven it true: exercise is good for you. But new research from University of Pennsylvania scientists suggests that exercise may have an added benefit for cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy.

19 Sep 2014

Sphere Medical introduces new Proxima miniaturised blood gas analyser at AAGBI 2014

Sphere Medical, innovator in critical care monitoring and diagnostics equipment, will launch its cutting edge in-line patient dedicated arterial blood gas analyser at the AAGBI Annual Congress 2014, Harrogate, 17-19th September.

17 Sep 2014

Reproductive cell division has mechanical safeguard against chromosome sorting errors

Reproductive cell division has evolved a simple, mechanical solution to avoid chromosome sorting errors, researchers report in the Sept. 11 Science Express.

17 Sep 2014

Dairy products contribute to overall metabolic health

Dairy is considered part of a healthy diet and dietary guidelines recommend the daily consumption of 2-4 portions of milk-based products such as milk, yogurt, cheese, cream and butter.

16 Sep 2014

Scientists develop new method to get clearer picture of how drug abuse affects the brain

One thing leads to another, especially in research. When Stony Brook University School of Medicine scientists developed a new method to measure how cocaine disrupts blood flow in the brains of mice, doctors and researchers got a way to form a clearer picture of how drug abuse affects the brain.

16 Sep 2014

Physiology News and Research

John O'Keefe, May-Britt Moser and Edvard I. Moser win 2014 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine

New method for extracting potential bone-producing cells from human fat

Energy drinks increase frequency of insomnia, nervousness in athletes

ERK and JNK enzymes may offer solutions for treating endometrial, colon cancers

MD Anderson's James P. Allison to receive 2014 Louisa Gross Horwitz Prize for work on immunotherapy

Study uncovers new pathway for treating high blood pressure, heart failure

Resistance exercise can improve episodic memory, shows study

Genetic susceptibility to psychosocial stress can increase risk of cardiovascular disease

Managing diabetes and intensive exercise: an interview with Dr Rafael Castol, Team Novo Nordisk

West Virginia University receives NIH award as part of BRAIN initiative

TSRI study points way to potential therapies for hereditary spastic paraplegia

More reliable cardiorespiratory fitness data can be obtained using lean mass proportional measures

Pitt researchers awarded new $5.8 million NIH grant to develop microfluidic 3D liver model system

Dynamical glucometry may uncover new ways of understanding diabetes

NIH awards $10.1 million in supplemental funding to study effects of sex in preclinical, clinical studies

Exercise may have added benefit for cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy: Study

Sphere Medical introduces new Proxima miniaturised blood gas analyser at AAGBI 2014

Reproductive cell division has mechanical safeguard against chromosome sorting errors

Dairy products contribute to overall metabolic health

Scientists develop new method to get clearer picture of how drug abuse affects the brain

Designing fluidic architecture for scalable diagnostic platforms

Evaluating new approaches for rare disease genomics

Expanding access to NMR with the Fourier 80 Duo

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