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Researchers discover unique anti-cancer function for previously well-characterized protein

The development and progression of cancer is a complicated process that occurs when cells in the body grow out of control. Many different mechanisms and pathways that directly affect cell proliferation have been uncovered.

10 Nov 2020

Lateral flow test enables faster, accurate diagnosis of periprosthetic joint infection

The recently FDA-authorized alpha-defensin lateral flow test is a highly accurate, ten-minute test for diagnosis of periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) - a serious and costly complication of total joint replacement, reports a study in The Journal of Bone & Joint Surgery.

9 Nov 2020

Study suggests herd immunity to COVID-19 in New York City is low

Researchers in the United States have estimated that the proportion of people in New York City who developed antibodies against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) during the first wave of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is around one in eight.

9 Nov 2020

ACE2 and TMPRSS2 not the only virus-receptors to mediate SARS-CoV-2 entry

However, a recent study published on the preprint server bioRxiv in November 2020 uncovers the major role played by the N-terminal domain of the SARS-CoV-2 virus in host infection. This could be of great use in measuring the usefulness of antibodies used in convalescent plasma therapy for COVID-19.

9 Nov 2020

Immune-evading variants can emerge in SARS-CoV-2, researchers warn

An international team of researchers has shown that a mutation within severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) – the agent responsible for the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) – enables the pathogen to evade antibody-mediated immunity while maintaining replication fitness and increasing viral loads.

9 Nov 2020

Search for a snakebite drug might lead to a COVID treatment, too

Dr. Matthew Lewin, founder of the Center for Exploration and Travel Health at the California Academy of Sciences, was researching snakebite treatments in rural locations in preparation for an expedition to the Philippines in 2011.

9 Nov 2020

Study shows oxidant hydrogen peroxide can actually slow down cell ageing

At high concentrations, reactive oxygen species - known as oxidants - are harmful to cells in all organisms and have been linked to ageing.

9 Nov 2020

New strategy for designing COVID-19 antiviral drugs to inhibit key viral protein

SARS-CoV-2, the respiratory virus that causes COVID-19, attacks the body in multiple steps. Gaining entry into cells deep within the lungs and hijacking the human host cell's machinery to churn out copies of itself are two of the earliest steps -- both essential for viral infection.

9 Nov 2020

Study shows SARS-CoV-2 direct heart muscle cell infection, cell death, loss of contractility

In the study, published on the pre-print journal bioRxiv, the researchers revealed that SARS-CoV-2-infected EHTs manifested the typical characteristics of myocarditis or heart inflammation. These include the stimulation of immune cells, heart cell death, and decreased contractile force generation.

8 Nov 2020

Researchers compare rhesus and cynomolgus macaques for SARS-CoV-2 vaccine trials

A team of researchers at the Biomedical Primate Research Centre based in the Netherlands have aimed to determine the effects of the SARS-CoV-2 pathogen on these monkeys and, subsequently, whether they make good animal models for future research in the area.

8 Nov 2020

SARS-CoV-2 viral antigens found in non-pulmonary tissues in recovering patients

A team of researchers in Singapore, led by Dr. Joe Yeong, and Prof. Tony Kiat Hon Lim, have reported the presence of residual SARS-CoV-2 ribonucleic acid (RNA) – the virus' genetic material – in stool samples and gastrointestinal tissues from patients recovering from the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).

8 Nov 2020

Study shows SARS-CoV-2 infection four times more likely through household transmission than community

A group of researchers from across the United States working in collaboration with their Swiss counterparts have conducted an extensive population-based serological survey to understand the transmission dynamics of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS CoV-2) – the novel agent that causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).

8 Nov 2020

Cats shed SARS-CoV-2 RNA for a shorter duration compared to humans, study finds

Since the emergence of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the virus that causes the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), there have been numerous reports of pets becoming infected. Both dogs and cats have been observed to exhibit symptoms of infection.

8 Nov 2020

Innate immunity key to limiting viral load in COVID-19 cases

As the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic continues to cause many difficulties for public health authorities, research is ongoing to understand how the virus can cause fatal effects on those infected and thereby suggest effective preventive and therapeutic measures against it.

8 Nov 2020

Universal nanoparticle platform may help in rapid development of a COVID-19 vaccine

A research group in China recently published a paper on the pre-print server bioRxiv* that reports the performance of a potentially universal nanoparticle platform that may prove useful for the rapid development of a COVID-19 vaccine, as well as other vaccines in the future.

8 Nov 2020

Research sheds light on how encapsulated viruses hijack protein production systems

Researchers from the Universities of Melbourne, York, Warwick and Oxford have shed light on how encapsulated viruses like hepatitis B, dengue and SARS-CoV-2 hijack the protein manufacturing and distribution pathways in the cell - they have also identified a potential broad spectrum anti-viral drug target to stop them in their tracks.

6 Nov 2020

Study opens a new avenue for prophylactic anti-malarial strategies

A new study led by Maria Manuel Mota, group leader at Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes (iMM; Portugal), now shows that malaria parasites secrete the protein EXP2 that is required for their entry into hepatocytes.

6 Nov 2020

Researchers solve an ancient mystery that may treat neurological, blood pressure disorders

Researchers from the Swedish Defense Research Agency (FOI) and Umeå University wanted to improve the treatment of nerve agent poisoning.

6 Nov 2020

Study shows iscan method could be effective for rapid COVID-19 testing

A simple COVID-19 test kit combines virus amplification with a CRISPR-Cas system for effective SARS-CoV-2 detection. The kit, called iSCAN, uses reagents that can be locally manufactured.

6 Nov 2020

Study reveals new therapeutic approach for superbug infections

A research team led by Professor Hongzhe SUN, Chair Professor from the Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, in collaboration with Dr Pak-Leung HO, Director of the HKU Carol Yu Centre for Infection from the Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine.

5 Nov 2020

Enzyme News and Research

Researchers discover unique anti-cancer function for previously well-characterized protein

Lateral flow test enables faster, accurate diagnosis of periprosthetic joint infection

Study suggests herd immunity to COVID-19 in New York City is low

ACE2 and TMPRSS2 not the only virus-receptors to mediate SARS-CoV-2 entry

Immune-evading variants can emerge in SARS-CoV-2, researchers warn

Search for a snakebite drug might lead to a COVID treatment, too

Study shows oxidant hydrogen peroxide can actually slow down cell ageing

New strategy for designing COVID-19 antiviral drugs to inhibit key viral protein

Study shows SARS-CoV-2 direct heart muscle cell infection, cell death, loss of contractility

Researchers compare rhesus and cynomolgus macaques for SARS-CoV-2 vaccine trials

SARS-CoV-2 viral antigens found in non-pulmonary tissues in recovering patients

Study shows SARS-CoV-2 infection four times more likely through household transmission than community

Cats shed SARS-CoV-2 RNA for a shorter duration compared to humans, study finds

Innate immunity key to limiting viral load in COVID-19 cases

Universal nanoparticle platform may help in rapid development of a COVID-19 vaccine

Research sheds light on how encapsulated viruses hijack protein production systems

Study opens a new avenue for prophylactic anti-malarial strategies

Researchers solve an ancient mystery that may treat neurological, blood pressure disorders

Study shows iscan method could be effective for rapid COVID-19 testing

Study reveals new therapeutic approach for superbug infections

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