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Vitamin A Deficiency

Vitamin A deficiency is a major health problem that affects around one third of children aged under five years. Vitamin A deficiency causes blindness in about 250,000–500,000 children from developing countries every year and the highest prevalence is in Southeast Asia and Africa. According to the Global Alliance for Vitamin A, several strategies should be encouraged to help manage this problem and some of these are described below.

22 Mar 2010

What is Vasculitis?

Vasculitis literally means inflammation of blood vessels and includes many different conditions.

22 Mar 2010

Hemophilia Differential Diagnosis

Hemophilia refers to a group of disorders that affect the blood’s clotting ability or coagulation.

15 Mar 2010

Hemophilia Genetics

Hemophilia is a rare inherited bleeding disorder where the blood fails to clot normally due to a lack of blood clotting proteins known as clotting factors.

15 Mar 2010

Haemophilia Treatments

Hemophilia cannot be cured but when the condition is managed with medication, many patients experience a normal quality of life.

15 Mar 2010

Haemophilia Symptoms

The symptoms of hemophilia may not develop for many years and they vary in severity depending on how deficient clotting factors are. However, the main symptom is prolonged bleeding after an injury.

15 Mar 2010

Haemophilia Causes

Hemophilia is a bleeding disorder that is inherited from one or both parents. The condition is an X-linked genetic disorder, meaning it mainly affects males rather than females.

15 Mar 2010

What is Hemophilia?

Hemophilia is an inherited disorder that affects the blood’s clotting capacity. Normally, when a person cuts themselves, clotting factors in the blood bind with platelets and blood cells to make it sticky, which eventually prevents bleeding.

15 Mar 2010

Insomnia Treatment

Insomnia is an inability to fall asleep or stay asleep long enough to feel well-rested and refreshed in the morning.

15 Mar 2010

Insomnia Causes

Insomnia refers an inability to fall asleep or stay asleep for long enough to feel refreshed in the morning, despite adequate opportunity to sleep.

15 Mar 2010

Insomnia Symptoms

Insomnia is a sleep disorder that affects a person’s ability to fall asleep or stay asleep for long enough to feel replenished the following day.

15 Mar 2010

What is Insomnia?

Insomnia is a condition in which it is difficult to get to sleep, or to remain soundly asleep, resulting in too short and too low-quality sleep which affects normal functioning. It causes fatigue and daytime sleepiness. It may be classified as acute, lasting a few days or weeks, or chronic, when it lasts longer than a month.

15 Mar 2010

Nicotine and Schizophrenia

Nicotine and its association with several mental health disorders including schizophrenia is a widely studied area. The association, however, is not clearly understood. Studies have been carried out to isolate the nicotine metabolites present in both animal and human brains, but particularly in people with schizophrenia.

11 Mar 2010

Nicotine and Oxidative Stress

Nicotine is an alkaloid derived from the tobacco plant "Nicotiana tabacum". It can be absorbed into the blood stream via mucosal membranes in the mouth, nose and airways.

11 Mar 2010

Nicotine Toxicology

Nicotine is a highly toxic chemical. While in rats, a dose of 50 mg per kg is lethal, in mice the median lethal dose is around 3 mg per kg weight. In humans, the median lethal dose is 0.5 to 1.0 mg/kg or around 40 to 60 mg in an average human.

11 Mar 2010

Nicotine Withdrawal

Nicotine, when smoked, sniffed or chewed, is absorbed into the bloodstream through the mucous membranes of the throat, nose or mouth as well as through the mucosal lining of the airways. It can also be absorbed into the bloodstream through the skin.

11 Mar 2010

Nicotine Effects

Nicotine has strong mood altering effects and can act on the brain as both a stimulant and a relaxant.

11 Mar 2010

Nicotine Pharmacology

Nicotine is a chemical compound present in tobacco. It is readily absorbed into the bloodstream through mucosal surfaces lining the mouth, nose and airways. Nicotine may also be absorbed through the mouth when nicotine gum is chewed or through the skin when a nicotine patch is worn.

11 Mar 2010

What is Nicotine?

Nicotine is a chemical compound that is present in tobacco.

11 Mar 2010

What is Narcolepsy?

Narcolepsy refers to a serious and rare brain disorder that causes a person to fall asleep at any time. This chronic condition interrupts the normal sleeping pattern and is classified as hypersomnia. Hypersomnias are sleep disorders that are typically characterized by increased daytime sleepiness.

11 Mar 2010